本科毕业设计on the application of the situational teaching method in the primary school english claWord格式.docx
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本科毕业设计on the application of the situational teaching method in the primary school english claWord格式.docx
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专业年级:
2010级英语专业专升本
*********
学号:
*********
指导教师:
李彩霞(副教授)
2012年4月30日
Thesis:
浅谈情景教学法在小学英语课堂中的应用
SchoolorDepartment:
CollegeofForeignLanguages
GradeandSpecialty:
2010,EnglishEducation
Name:
YuFei
Advisor:
LiCaixia(AssociateProfessor)
April30,2012
毕业设计诚信承诺书
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所呈交的毕业论文(设计)是本人在指导老师指导下取得的研究成果。
除了文中特别加以注释和致谢的地方外,论文(设计)中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写的研究成果。
与本研究成果相关的所有人所做出的任何贡献均已在论文(设计)中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
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年 月 日
Abstract
AlongwiththedevelopmentofChina’seconomy,Englishbecomesmoreandmoreimportantinpeople’sdailylife.TheEnglishteachingmethodwhichisusedineachstagereceivesalotofattention.AfterChineseeducationalsystemreform,theSituationalTeachingMethodcomesintobeing.TillnowithasgotgreatachievementsintheEnglishteachingofprimaryschool.AsforEnglishteachingoftheprimaryschool,itpaysfocusattentiontotheSituationalTeachingMethod.Thescenesoriginatefromsocialpractice.Theyaretheproductsofpeople’sdailylives.Thismethodemphasizestheintegrationofthedynamicprocessandthelifesituation,paysgreatattentiontostudents’understandingoflife,paysgreatattentiontostudents’abilitydevelopmentintheactiveprocess,andstimulatestheirinterestfromvariousaspects.Ithelpsstudentstounderstandtheteachingmaterialsanddevelopstudents’psychologicalfunctionsthroughthesceneswhichcanproducevividimages.ThecoreoftheSituationalTeachingMethodistostimulatestudents’emotion.
Keywords:
English;
theSituationalTeachingMethod;
theprimaryschool;
application
摘要
随着中国经济与社会的发展,英语在人们的日常生活中显得越来越重要。
相继而来的各个阶段所采用的英语教学方法也在受到各方面的关注,情境教学法也随着中国教育体制的改革而出现,并在小学英语的教学中取得一定的成就,在中国的小学英语教学中,情境教学法是一种值得参考和采用的方法。
情境来源于社会生活实践活动,是人们现实生活中的一种产物。
它强调运动过程和生活情境的一体化,注重学生对活动的认识,注重学生在活动过程中能力的发展,从各方面激发学生自主学习的兴趣。
它能通过在教学中产生生动形象的情景来帮助学生理解教材,并使学生的心理机能能得到发展的教学方法。
情境教学法的核心在于激发学生的情感。
关键词:
英语;
情景教学法;
小学英语课堂;
应用
TableofContents
Chapter1Introduction
Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,theeducationofChinahasmetaseriesofchallengesinthe21stcentury.ManyteachersinourdailyEnglishteachingstilluse,consciouslyorunconsciously,thetraditional“Spoon-feedingTeaching”method,whichmakestheclassboringandstudentspassivelyacceptknowledge.Thisteachingmethoddoesn’tfitthepupils’characteristicsoftheirmentalityandage.Therefore,itisessentialthatteachersshouldcreatethe“mother-tongue”environmentforthestudentsinEnglishteaching.Teachersmusttrytoestablishvariouskindsofenvironmentandletstudentsexperiencethemandunderstanddifferentcontextsandinformationexpressedinlanguageatmosphere.TheSituationalTeachingMethodissuchaninnovationinEnglishteachingfieldandthisadvancedmethodofteachingisverypopularinChinesestudents’Englishteachingnowadays.
TheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)meansthatintheteachingprocess,teacherspurposefullyintroduceorcreatesomecertainvividconcretescenestoarousestudents’certainemotionalexperience,thusitwillhelpstudentsunderstandtheteachingmaterialsandpromotetheirabilityoflearninglanguageinsituationalenvironment.
AsfortheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)intheprimaryschool,therearemanyadvantages.Itiswellknownthatpupilsarenotgoodatunderstandingtheperceptualknowledgebutadeptinkeepingconcreteknowledgeinmind.Accordingtothis,itcanbefoundthattheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)isquitesuitabletopupilsespeciallyinthelowergradestolearnaforeignlanguage.Meanwhile,creatingscenesistheessenceoftheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)andpupilsareinterestedinscenes.Therefore,theSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)isagoodwaytocreatethereallanguageenvironmentforstudents.ItcanbefoundthatpupilscanbenefitalotfromtheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM).
ThisthesisintroducesthetheoreticalbasisoftheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)atfirst.ThenitmainlyfocusesontheapplicationoftheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)intheprimaryschoolEnglishclass.
Chapter2TheTheoryoftheSituationalTeachingMethod
2.1TheDefinition
TheSituationalTeachingMethod(theSTM)meansthatintheteachingprocess,inordertohelpthestudentsunderstandthetextbook,theteacherestablishesalivelyorconcretesituationorscenewiththeemotionalcolorbythebodyofimagetodrawthestudents’attentiontomakethemlearnactivelyandhappily.ThebasicrequirementoftheSTMistofullymotivatestudents’sensoryorganstoapperceivetheobjectstobelearnedthroughseeing,hearingeventouchingthem.
AsfortheSTMintheprimaryschoolEnglishclass,itcanbecomprehendedthatintheEnglishteachingprocess,anEnglishteachershouldbeanactororaleader,whoestablishesEnglishteachingscenesthroughlanguagedescriptions,bodygestures,materialobjectdemonstrations,musicexaggerations,games,activitiesandsoontostimulatestudents’studyinitiativeandenthusiasm.Therelationshipbetweenteacherandstudentsisfriendlyandharmonious.
Generally,theSTMreferstotheteachingcontext,learningsituation,student-teacherrelationship,classroomdesignandotherfactorsthatcontributetothetotalofpsychologicalandphysicalenvironment.
2.2TheCharacteristics
TheSTMhasfourmaincharacteristics.Theyareasfollows:
2.2.1TheRealityofImage
Inordertomakethestudentsfeeltrueandreal,itrequiresthattheimagemustcompletelybethesameastheoutsideoftherealobject,butalsothesamewiththespirit.Itisnotthecopyofanobject,notastakingaphotograph.Itisbyasimplifiedfigure,whichisthesamestructurewiththecorrespondingobject.Thentheycanjoininthesituationstepbystep.
2.2.2TheRealityofEmotion
Itiswellknownthatemotionjoinsinourlearningandstudy,itrequiresteacherstofindrealemotionandgenuinepurposetofullyarousestudents’studyinterest.Ifemotionjoinsinclasswell,itwillbethehighestboundaryofteachingandstudying.ThiscanbeachievedeasilythroughusingthepatternoftheSTM.
2.2.3ContainingTheoriesAbundantly
Abundantlycontainingtheoriesmeansthatabstracttheorycomesupwithimages,thiscanhelpstudentstounderstandthecognitionefficiently.ItisclearthatintheprocessoflearningEnglish,theteacher’sleadingroleistobuildupabridgebetweenthelanguageandcognition,whilethiseffectivebridgeisthelanguageenvironment.ThegoodwaytocreatethelanguageenvironmentisundoubtedlytheSTM.Withthismethod,studentscanbuildupabridgebetweentheabstractcognitionandtheconcretethingsbythemselves,sothattheycanunderstandtheabstractcognitionmoreeasily.
2.2.4BroadenSituation
IntheprocessofteachingEnglish,theSTMdoesnotmeanillustratingsomethingandthensettingsomethingupmechanically,itisoftentreatedasawhole.Itisregardedasthesituationinwhichiswideandbroad;
andthisalsoreferstothatthereisenoughroomforstudentstoexerttheirimagination.Asaresult,thestudents’abilitiesofdependentlearningandsolvingproblemswillbedeveloped.Itisoftenrequiredthatteachersshouldshowsomethinginfrontofthestudentsandthenmakethemfeelthe“directimpression”;
thesituationcanstirthestudents’emotionandthenitbecomesthepusheroftheirneeds.
UsingtheSTMmakestheroleofstudentschanged,frompassivetoactive.Theroleofteachersalsohaschangedfrompureteachingtotheguideofthestudents.Therolesofstudentsandteacherscanbefullyplayedwiththismethod.ItisclearthattheSTMrequiresthatthesituationshouldmakethestudentsfeeleasyandenjoyable,flatandpeaceful,andfreshfromallaspects.Andbysuchkindofteachingmethod,betterteachingeffectcanbeachieved.
TheessentialcharacteristicoftheSTMistopushthestudentsintolearningmoreefficientlyandtoarousethestudents’interestandemotioninlearning.
2.3ThePrinciplesoftheDesign
ItiswellknownthatEnglishisusedasatoolforcommunicationandtheteachingofEnglishmustmainlyfocusonitspracticalcommunicativefunction.Therefore,theSTMwhichemphasizesonstudents’basicabilitiesoflisteningandspeakinghasbecomemoreandmoreimportantintheEnglishteachingprocess.TheSTMcanmakethecontentchangedfromabstracttospecific.
AsBloomfieldthinks“thesuccessfulforeignlanguageclassroominstructionshouldestablishagreatmanysituationsinthelessonandthenletstudentshaveopportunitiestousethelanguagematerialsthathavealreadybeenlearnt.”(Bloomfield,1933:
59)AsformostofChinesepupilswhooftenlackstheatmosphereoflearningtheEnglishlanguage,itisofgreatnecessitytocreatevariousscenesfortheirEnglishlearning.Scenesshouldbesetupaccordingtothecontent,thetopicsandthepupils’characteristicsbytheEnglishteacher.Ifthecreationofthescenesisreasonable,vivid,livelyandaccurate,thestudentswillbeabletoactivatetheirthinkingandthentheycanbeabletounderstandthemessagesmoreeasily.Asaresult,itwillstimulatethestudents’thirstforlearningknowledge.Suchvividandreasonablescenesandthecolorfulimagescannotonlyhelpthestudentstoputknowledgeintovividscenes,butalsocanenhancetheirinterestinlearningEnglish.Therefore,inordertocreateareasonableandvividscene,theEnglishteach
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