初三英语中考总复习导学案Word文件下载.docx
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初三英语中考总复习导学案Word文件下载.docx
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1名词的分类包括专有名词和普通名词
2名词的数可分为可数名词和不可数名词
3名词所有格包括?
s所有格的构成及用法;
of所有格的构成及用法;
双重所有格的构成及用法跟踪训练
考点一.单数和复数
1可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成,其主要变法如下:
一般情况在词尾加-s,例如:
book→books,girl→girls,boy→boys,pen-pens,doctor→doctors,boy→boys。
新-课-标-第-一-网
以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词加-es,例如:
bus→buses,class→classes,box→boxes,watch→watches,brush→brushes。
以ce,se,ze,ge结尾的名词加s,例如:
orange—oranges。
以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如:
city→cities,factory→factories,country→countries,family→families。
但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如:
boy→boys,day→days。
以o结尾的词多数都加-es。
例如:
hero→heroes,potato→potatoes,tomato→tomatoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。
zoo→zoos,radio→radios,还有某些外来词也只加-s,例如:
photo→photos,piano→pianos。
以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f为v再加-es,例如:
knife→knives,leaf→leaves,half→halves。
少数名词有不规则的复数形式,例如:
man→men,woman→women,tooth→teeth,foot→feet,child→children,mouse→mice。
【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。
anEnglishman,twoEnglishmen。
但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;
man,woman等作定语时,它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定,如:
menworkers,womenteachers。
有个别名词单复数一样,例如:
Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish等。
但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾。
单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:
people,police等。
数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。
ten-minutes?
walk,an8-year-oldgirl,aten-milewalk。
还有些名词仅有复数形式,如:
trousers,clothes,chopsticks,glasses,goods,ashes,scissors,compasses。
只用作单数的复数形式的名词有:
科学名词:
physics,mathematics/maths
游戏名称:
bowlsXkB1.com
专有名词:
theUnitedStates,NiagaraFalls
其他名词:
news,falls
2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法
在英语中,不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念,可以用以下两种方法:
用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等表示多少,例如:
Therichmanhasalotofmoney.
Thereissomemilkinthebottle.
Isthereanywaterintheglass?
Idon?
tlikewinterbecausethere?
stoomuchsnowandice.
用apieceof这类定语,例如:
apieceofpaperapieceofwoodapieceofbread
abottleoforangeaglassofwateracupoftea
acupofteaabagofricethreebagsofrice
如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时,在容器后加复数,例如:
twocupsoftea
fourpiecesofpaper
threeglassesofwater
不可数名词也可用alotof,lotsof,some,any,much等来修饰。
考点二名词的所有格
名词所有格,用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。
1.表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加?
s,其复数形式是s?
,例如:
astudent?
sroom,students?
rooms,father?
sshoes。
2.如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加?
s,如:
Children?
sDay。
3.在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用?
s,例如:
atwentyminutes?
walk,tenmiles?
journey,aboat?
slength,twopounds?
weight,tendollars?
worth。
4.无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:
amapofChina,theendofthisterm,thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。
5.双重所有格,例如:
afriendofmyfather?
s。
【注意】
如果两个名词并列,并且分别有?
s,则表示“分别有”,例如:
John?
sandMary?
srooms;
Tom?
sbikes。
两个名词并列,只有一个?
s,则表示“共有”,例如:
JohnandMary?
sroom;
Tomand
Mary?
smother。
点拨释疑
XkB1.com
1.Weneedsomemore____.Canyougoandgetsome,please?
A.potato
B.potatos
C.potatoes
D.potatoe
答案:
C
句意:
我们需要更多的土豆。
你能带过来一些吗?
解析:
potato土豆是可数名词。
因为有some修饰所以potato要用复数形式。
以辅音+o结尾的名词后面要+es。
所以C.potatoes是正确答案。
2.Whatbig____thetigerhas!
A.tooth
B.teeth
C.tooths
D.toothes
B
老虎长着多么大、多么锋利的牙齿呀!
牙齿tooth的复数形式是teeth
3.Pleaseremembertogivethehorsesometree___.
A.leafs
B.leaves
C.leaf
D.leave
请记得喂马一些树叶。
树叶leaf是以f结尾的,所以它的复数形式是变f为v,再加es
_________havesavedmanychildren?
slives.
A.womandoctorsB.womendoctor
C.womendoctorsD.womandoctor
C。
该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。
woman作定语时要和被修饰的名词保持数的一致。
5.Thisis_________bedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.
A.AnneandJaneB.Anne?
sandJane?
s
C.Anne?
sandJaneD.AnneandJane?
D。
该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。
两人共有一个房间时,只在后面的名词后加?
.直击中考
一单项填空
1.---Wherehaveyoubeen,Tim?
---I?
vebeento______.
A.theHenryhouseB.theHenryfamily
C.TheHenry?
shomeD.Henry?
2.InEngland,if____isinthemiddleoftheday,theeveningmealiscalledsupper.新课标第一网
A.foodB.lunchC.breakfastD.dinner
3.Youlookedforittwice,butyouhaven?
tfoundit.Whynottry____。
A.threetimesB.athirdtimeC.thethirdtimeD.once
4.---Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?
---Certainly.
A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwater
C.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters
5.Mikehurtoneofhis______intheaccidentyesterday.
A.toothB.feetC.handD.ear
6.Thereissome_______ontheplate.
A.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears
7.Thearegoingtofly_______toBeijing.
A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.Germans
8.What?
syour_______forbeinglateagain?
A.ideaB.keyC.excuseD.news
9.---It?
sdangeroushere.We?
dbettergooutquickly.
---ButIthinkweshouldlet_______gooutfirst.
A.womanandchildrenB.womenandchild
C.womanandchildD.womenandchildren
10.---YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“_______”onthedoorofhisshop.
---Thanks.
HOURS
SIDEUP SMOKING
二根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释,写出所缺单词。
1.We?
vegotalotofnew________inourschoollibrary.
2.Yesterdaythe_________toLondonwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather.
3.---Howmany_______doyouhave?
---Three.
4.June1stis__________Day.
5.May12thistheInternational_______Day.Let?
ssay“Thanks”tothemfortheirwork.
。
交流反思
本节课主要复习名词部分,自我感觉内容有点多。
这一节课主要让学生对名词有个大概的了解,掌握中考英语名词部分主要考的侧重点在哪里,根据考点有目的的练习。
提高复习效率。
一、以下单选题是同学们的必得分,一个都不能错哦!
1.I’mtalkingtoyou,Jack.Pleaselistento__________carefully.A.meB.mineC.ID.my
2.Ihavesevenclasses____________Monday.It’sreallyabusyday.A.atB.inC.ofD.on
3.IlikewatchingTVshows,_____mysisterdoesn’t.Shethinksthey’reboring.A.andB.butC.soD.or4.—Canyourideahorse?
—No,I________.
A.needntB.maynotC.mustntD.cant5.—Mum,_________ismyfootball?
—It’sunderyourbed.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where6.WhenIwenttosaygoodbyetoAnna,she_________thepiano.A.isplayingB.playsC.wasplayingD.played7.Goldilocksdecided_______forawalkintheforest.A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes8.Myauntisawriter.She______tenbookssinceXX.
A.writesB.wroteC.willwriteD.haswritten
9.Microwaveovens_________bymillionsoffamiliestoday.A.willuseB.areusedC.wereusedD.isusing10.—YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________________?
—Iboughtitatthedepartmentstore.
A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit
二、部分同学要笔头翻译下面一篇阅读哦!
B
TheVieirafamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesin1981.Atthattime,theydecidedtostopspeakingSpanishathomeandonlycommunicateinEnglish.Thiswasbecausetheywerenow
livinginanEnglish-speakingcountry.
NowtheVieirachildrenareadults,andtheysometimestraveltoSpaintovisittheirfamilyandfriends.Buttheycannotcommunicatewiththem.Unfortunatelythisiscommon.Whenpeoplemovetonewcountries,theyoftenleavetheirowncustomsandmotherlanguagebehind.Thisisamistakebecausetherearemanybenefitsofknowingmorethanone
language.
Oneadvantageofspeakingmorethanonelanguageisthatyoucancommunicatedirectlywithmorepeoplearoundtheworld.Youdonothavetodependonotherstotalkforyou,soyou’re
moreindependent.Peoplewhoknowonlyonelanguagemustuseotherstohelpthem
communicate.
Furthermore,speakingasecondlanguagealsoallowspeopletoexperienceotherculturesand
customsmoreeffectively.Localexpressions,vocabulary,andevenjokescanhaveapowerfuleffectonaperson’sunderstandingofanotherculture.So,knowingmorethanone
languageincreasesyourknowledgeofothercultures.
Finally,havingmoremulti-languagespeakersimprovesrelationshipsbetweencountries.Ifpeoplefromdifferentcountriescancommunicatewell,theworldcanbecomecloser.Countrieswillthenhavemorerespectforeachotherandbetterunderstandeachother’s
problems.
Thebenefitsofknowingmorethanonelanguageareclear.Infact,therearenodisadvantages.Itisverysadthatmanypeopledon’ttrytolearnanotherlanguage.Itisevenworsewhen
peopleletthemselvesforgettheirmotherlanguageandbecomesilenced.
1.ThepassagebeginswiththeexperienceoftheVieirafamilyinorderto______.
A.discusstheneedforteachinganewlanguage
B.showtheproblemsofspeakingonlyonelanguageC.describetheadvantagesofmovingtoanothercountryD.introducethepassage’smaincharacterstothereaders
2.Accordingtothepassage,ifyoucanspeakmorethanonelanguage,youcan______.
A.findabetterjobB.makemorefriendsC.betterunderstandhistoryD.communicatemoreindependently
3.Theunderlinedphrase“multi-languagespeakers”(InParagraph5)means“people
whoknow______.”
A.morethanonelanguageB.anewlanguageC.theirmotherlanguageD.bodylanguage
4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Howtolearnanotherlanguage.B.TheimportanceoflearningEnglish.C.Thebenefitsoflearningotherlanguages.D.ThereasonswhypeoplecometoAmerica.
C
三、下面一篇阅读回答问题同学们认真思考,关注答案的准确性哦!
阅读短文,根据其内容回答问题。
Whenyoustepintoanewenvironment.youmusthaveastrongwishtofitin.Fittinginmeansmakingmorefriends,havingmoreinfluence(影响)onothersandgettingmorechancestoliveahappierlife.Hereissomeadvicethatcanhelpyou.
1
Beconfident.Confidenceattractsmostpeople.Everyoneisspecialandthereisonlyonepersonlikeyouinthisworld.Spendsomet
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