区域经济发展分析外文文献翻译最新译文Word格式.docx

区域经济发展分析外文文献翻译最新译文Word格式.docx

《区域经济发展分析外文文献翻译最新译文Word格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《区域经济发展分析外文文献翻译最新译文Word格式.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

原文

AnalysisofRegionalEconomicDevelopmentinthe

Regency/MunicipalityatSouthSulawesiProvinceInIndonesia

SanusiFattahAbdulRahman

Abstract

Thisstudyaimstodeterminethecharacteristicsoftheregionaleconomyineachregency/municipalityintheprovinceofSouthSulawesi.Second,theresearchisalsostrivedtoidentifyeconomicsectorsthatcouldpotentiallybedevelopedasaleadingeconomicateachdistrict/municipalityintheprovinceofSouthSulawesi.Third,futurestudyisaimtodeterminetheeconomicregionaldevelopmentusingKlassenTypologyAnalysis,LocationQuotientAnalysis,andKrugmanRegional Index.Theresultofthisresearchshowsthatfrom23regency/municipalityinSouthSulawesiProvince,onlyLuwuTimur,Makassar,andPare-Parethatbelongtotheclassificationofhighgrowthandhigh-incomeregions.LuwuandPalopobelongtohighincomebutlowgrowthregion.PangkepandPinrangcouldbeclassifiedashighgrowthbutlow-incomeregion,whereas other regency/municipality as lowgrowth andlow-income regions. Next, the location quotient analysisshowsthat eachregency/municipalityhasdifferentsuperior/maineconomicsector.Finally,theresultofregionalspecializationanalysisshowsthatinter-regonalspecializationhaseconomic dependability, although the dependability in some part of theregency/municipalityisstillweakasshownbytheincreasingdiversificationofeconomicsector.

Keywords:

Indonesiaregionaldevelopment,Klassentypology,Locationquotient,

Krugmanregionalindex,Superiorsector,Regionalspecialization

1.Introduction

Regionaldevelopmentshouldbetailoredatbesttotheprioritiesandpotentialofeachareaintheregion.Moreover,eachlocalgovernmentshouldalsostriveforamorebalanceddevelopmentwithintheirrespectiveregions.Thefactthateachregionhasdifferentnaturalresources,humanresources,andconditionsimpliesdifferentdevelopmentstepinthesaidarea.Thedifferenceoftheeconomicpotentialbetweenregionsthatcandevelopquicklywithlessdevelopedregionscouldberelatedtothevariouslimitationsintheregion.Thesehaveledtotheimportanceintheroleofcentralgovernmentasregulatorofnationaldevelopmentpoliciesinordertomadebalancedandsynchronizeddevelopmentwithinthelocalregion（Tjiptoherijanto,1995）.

Moreover,economicgrowththatoccurringineachregioncouldalsodifferentorvariedfromeachother.Thishavemadesomeregioncouldbeknownasafastgrowingregion,slow-growingregion,whereasotherregionhaveastagnantgrowth.

Variationsingrowthratesbetweenregionsalsoinfluencedbymanyfactors,includingthenumberandcapacityofthepopulation,potentialnaturalresource,availabilityofinfrastructuredevelopment and constructionof facilities,differences inthecharacteristicsoftheregion,developmentabilityofaregion,developmenteasiness,andothers（Adisasmita,2009）.

Inregionaldevelopment,bothlocalgovernmentandcommunitiesstrivetomanagelocalresourceshand-in-handbyformingapartnershipbetweenlocalgovernmentandtheprivatesectortocreateanewjobsandstimulatethedevelopmentofeconomicactivities（economicgrowth）intheregion（Arsyad,2005）.AccordingtoSiregar（2004）,theresourceswithinaregioncouldbedividedintothreemainaspects.First,thenaturalresourcesintheformofnaturalresourcesthatareneededto meethumanneeds.Second,thehumanresourcesthatcontainedwithinhumanssuchasthepotentialityofmind,art,skillandsoonthatcanbeusedtomeettheneedsforhimselforothersorsocietyingeneral.Third,theinfrastructureintheformofman-madeandcanbeusedtosupporthumanlivingandtoutilizethenaturalresourcesandhumanresourcestothemaximum,bothforthepresenttimeandcouldbesustainedtothe

future.

Inrelationtoregionaldevelopment,SouthSulawesihasestablishedtwobasicpoliciestowardeconomicdevelopment.First,industrydevelopmentinordertoincreaseefficiency,productivityandcompetitivenessisconductedintheformofskills-intensivepatternswithhighbenefit,ratherthanlabor-intensivepatternsofproductionandnaturalresources.Second,thedevelopmentoftheagriculturalsectoraimedatimprovingtheefficiencyandproductivityofthelandusingappropriatetechnology.

WhenoneviewedtheeconomicgrowthinSouthSulawesipersector,wecouldconcludethatithavebeensupportedbygrowthinagriculture,trade,hotels,transportandcommunication.Thus,itcouldbestatethatSouthSulawesistillrelyonagricultureasaneconomicsectorthathasgoodpotentialtosupporteconomicgrowthinSouthSulawesi.Moreover,geographically,SouthSulawesihassomeabilityandstrategicconditionsthatmadetheregionvulnerabletotheimpactofglobalizationandthusthereisaneedtocopewiththisimpact.Inconnectionwiththis,thereisaneedtoimproveandadjustedthesectorpolicies,sothatSouthSulawesi’seconomicstructurewereabletocompeteintheglobalera,besidesdealingwithregionalautonomyanddecentralization.

Thisstudythereforeaimstodeterminethecharacteristicsoftheregionaleconomyineachregency/municipalityintheprovinceofSouthSulawesi.Second,theresearchisalsostrivedtoidentifyeconomicsectorsthatcouldpotentiallybedevelopedasaleadingeconomicateachdistrict/municipalityintheprovinceofSouthSulawesi.Third,futurestudyisaimtodeterminetheinter-regionalspecializationusingKlassenTypologyAnalysis,LocationQuotientAnalysis,andKrugmanRegionalIndex.

2.TheoreticalFramework:

RegionalEconomicDevelopmentConcept

Regionaldevelopmentcouldbethoughtofasanintegralpartofanynationaldevelopmenteffort.Arsyad（2005）statesthatregionaleconomicdevelopmentasaprocesstomanageregionalresourcebylocalgovernmentandcommunities.Furthermore,Arsyad（2005）suggestedtheformationofapartnershipbetweenlocal

governmentandtheprivatesectortocreateanewjobsandstimulatethedevelopmentofeconomicactivities（economicgrowth）intheregionaspartoftheprocessinregionaleconomicdevelopment.

Themainprobleminregionaldevelopmentislocatedinitsemphasisondevelopmentpoliciesbasedontheuniquenessoftheregionconcerned（endogenousdevelopment）byusingthepotentialofhumanresources,institutional,andphysicalresourcesthatexistlocally.Thisorientationleadstothecreationofinitiativesfromtheregionitselfinthedevelopmentprocesstocreatenewemploymentopportunitiesandstimulateeconomicdevelopment.

Radianto（2003）havesuggestedthatoneaspectofregionaldevelopmentiseconomicdevelopmentthataimstopromoteeconomicgrowthandstructuralchange.Changesineconomicstructuremaybeashiftfromagriculturaltonon-agriculturalactivities,fromindustrytoservices,changesinthescaleofproductionunits,aswellaschangesinlaborstatus.Therefore,theconceptofregionaldevelopmentisappropriatewhensupportedbyeconomicgrowththeory,economicbasemodelandtheory,thecenterofgrowthconcept,andspecializationtheory.

Achangeineconomicstructureorstructuraltransformationischaracterizedbytheexistenceofpercentagecontributionadjustmentofvarioussectorsintheeconomicdevelopment,whichisduetotheintensityofhumanactivityandtechnologicalchange（KuznetsinSukirno,1985）.Inconjunctionwiththis,theShiftShareAnalysisisaveryusefultechniqueinanalyzingchangesineconomicstructure.

Meanwhile,thecoreoftheeconomicbasemodelexplainsthatthedirectionandgrowthofaregionisdeterminedbytheregion'

sexports.Accordingtothemodel,exportisnotrestrictedonlytogoodsandservices,butalsocomefromforeigner’sspendingwithintheregioninrespectwithimmovablegoods（Budiharsono,2001）.Economicbasetheoryclassifiesalleconomicactivityintotwosectorsnamelythebasesectorsandnon-basesectors.Basesectoristhesectorthatservesmarketsintheregionitselfandoutsidetheregion.Whereas,non-basesectoristhesectorthatonlyservesmarketsintherespectiveregion.

Inrelationwiththecenterofgrowthconcept,itwasacknowledgedthatPerroux

thinkingontheconcentrationofindustrialactivitiesincertainareasthatdriveeconomicgrowth,andthenevolvedintotheconceptofgrowthcenters.Accordingtothisconcept,therearefourmaincharacteristicsofagrowthcenter.First,thegroupsofeconomicactivitiesareconcentratedinaparticularlocation.Second,theseconcentrationsofeconomicactivityarethencapableofboostingdynamiceconomicgrowthintheeconomy.Third,therearestronginputandoutputconnectionsamongeconomicactivitiesintherespectivegrowthcenter.Fourth,inthesaideconomicactivitiesgroup,thereisaparentindustrythatencouragesthedevelopmentofeconomicactivitiesinthecenterofthisgrowth（RichardsoninSjafrizal,2008）.

Inconnectionwithanefforttoaccelerateregionaldevelopment,thustheeconomiclinkagesbetweenregionsarealsoimportant,especiallyifthisassociatedwiththeconceptofspecialization.Theexistenceofcommodityspecializationinaccordancewitheachrespectivesector/sub-sectorwouldallowconcentrationofsectoractivityineachregion.ThisissupportedbySamuelsonandNordhaus（1995）,whichstatesthatthepubliccanbemoreeffectiveandefficientifthereisadivisionoflaborthatdividestheentireproductionprocessintospecializedunits.

Economicspecializationenablestheformationoftradenetworksbetweenin