学年江苏省昆山市昆山一中高二上学期月考英语试题 解析版.docx
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学年江苏省昆山市昆山一中高二上学期月考英语试题 解析版.docx
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学年江苏省昆山市昆山一中高二上学期月考英语试题解析版
江苏省昆山市昆山一中2020-2021学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题
一、阅读选择
We'reaccustomedtothinkingofenvironmentalchange,anditseffectsonourhealth,asBeingmeasuredinyears.Butresearchersarenowdiscoveringhowquicklyanddramaticallyairqualitycanimprove-andhowbiganimpactthoseimprovementscanmake.
Forinstance,whenAtlantahostedthe1996OlympicGames,partsofthecitywereclosedtocarsfor17days.Inthefollowingfourweeks,kids'medicalvisitsforlungdiseasesdecreasedbymorethan40percent.In1990,whenHongKongpassedstricterregulationsforthecontentoffueloilusedbypowerplantsandcars,SO2levelsimmediatelyfellby45percentonaverageandasmuchas80percentinthemostpollutedareas.Withinsixmonths,therewasasignificantdecreaseinthenumberofdeathsfromairrelateddiseases.
InMarch2020,whenbusinessesshutdownbecauseofthecoronaviruspandemic,NO2levelswereabout30percentloweronaverageinthenortheasterUnitedStatesthantheywereinthesamemonthfortheyears2015to2019.Also,duringthemonththatChinawasunderquarantine(隔离)fromFebruarytoAprilbecauseofthepandemic,onestudyestimatedthatimprovedairqualityhelpedtoimpedemorethan12,000pollution-relateddeaths.WitharecentstudyshowingthatthehigherPM2.5is,themorepeoplewilldiefromtheCOVID-19,measurestoimproveairqualitymaybemoreimportantthaneverbefore.
1.TheexamplesinParagraph2aregiveninordertoprovethat_________,
A.kidsoftenseedoctors
B.peoplelovetheOlympics
C.airqualitycanimprove
D.carsshouldbeprohibited
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impede"meaninParagraph3?
A.Increase.B.Recover.C.Witness.D.Prevent.
3.Whatmightbethebesttitle?
A.Thesurprisinglyfast-actingbenefitsofcleanerair
B.TheinfluenceofCOVID-19ontheenvironment
C.Thecauseandeffectofthewidespreaddisease
D.ThesignificanceoffightingagainstCOVID-19
4.Whatwillthearticleprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingpart?
A.ThecausesofCOVID-19.
B.Thesolutionstoairproblems.
C.Theexamplesofairpollution.
D.Theresultsoftheairresearch.
【答案】
1.C
2.D
3.A
4.B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍空气质量改善所带来的益处。
1.
推理判断题。
根据行文逻辑,第二段一开始就是具体的例子,这是为了说明文章第一段最后的观点。
再根据第一段“Butresearchersarenowdiscoveringhowquicklyanddramaticallyairqualitycanimprove—andhowbiganimpactthoseimprovementscanmake.(但研究人员现在发现,空气质量的改善能有多么迅速和显著,以及这些改善能产生多大的影响。
)”可以推断,第二段中的例子是为了证明空气质量可以改善。
故选C。
2.
词义猜测题。
根据第二段最后一句“Withinsixmonths,therewasasignificantdecreaseinthenumberofdeathsfromairrelateddiseases.(在六个月内,死于与空气有关疾病的人数显著下降。
)”可知,空气质量的改善能降低疾病的死亡率,根据第三段最后一句“WitharecentstudyshowingthatthehigherPM2.5is,themorepeoplewilldiefromtheCOVID-19,measurestoimproveairqualitymaybemoreimportantthaneverbefore.(最近的一项研究表明,PM2.5越高,死于COVID-19的人就越多,因此改善空气质量的措施可能比以往任何时候都更加重要。
)”可知PM2.5含量越高,死于新冠病毒的人越多。
因此改善了空气质量,有助于“阻止”因为空气污染引起的死亡。
所以impede为“阻止”之意。
故选D。
3.
主旨大意题。
根据第一段“Butresearchersarenowdiscoveringhowquicklyanddramaticallyairqualitycanimprove-andhowbiganimpactthoseimprovementscanmake.(但研究人员现在发现,空气质量的改善能有多么迅速和显著,以及这些改善能产生多大的影响。
)”和后面引出的话题,及下面两段的具体阐述,可知本文是为了说明空气质量改善所带来的益处。
所以“Thesurprisinglyfast-actingbenefitsofcleanerair(更清洁空气令人惊讶地快速见效的好处)”作为文章的标题最为合适。
故选A。
4.
推理判断题。
根据最后一段后面的“measurestoimproveairqualitymaybemoreimportantthaneverbefore.(改善空气质量的措施可能比以往任何时候都更加重要。
)”可知2020年改善空气质量的措施比以往任何时候都重要,可以推断出下文应该接着列举有哪些可行的措施和解决方案。
故选B。
WorriedabouttheeffectrealityTVishavingonyourchild?
Youaren'tbeingoverprotective-there'sincreasingevidencethattheseprogrammescanhaveabigimpactonyoungpeople.
Whenourchildrenareyoung,wetendtogivecarefulthoughttohowmuchTVthey'rewatchingandwhetherornotit'sgoodforthem.Butastheygrowup,mostparentslettheirkidsmakemoreindependentchoicesabouttheirviewing.
However,ifyou'vegotchildren,youmaywanttostayattentive.AresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids-perhapsevenworse.
ThetruthisthatrealityTVisanythingbutreality-butthat'snotnecessarilywhatourchildrenbelieve.AstudyfortheGirlScoutResearchInstituteintheUSfoundthateightoutoftengirlsagedbetween11and17whoregularlywatchrealityshowsbelievetheseprogrammesdescribereallife.
Infact,muchofrealityTVisaheavilymanipulated(操控)viewofwhat'sreallyhappening,andtheworstofitstrengthensthesortoffemalestereotypes(刻板印象)womenhavespentdecadestryingtoremove.
ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.There'sawidespreademphasisonthevalueofwomenbeingabouthowtheylookanddress,whichgivesyoungviewersthemessagethatbeingawomanisallaboutstyleandappearance,notwhatyoudoorstandfor.
CulturalcriticandwriterJenniferPoznerdescribesrealityTVas"thecontemporarybacklash(抵制)againstfeminism".ImranSiddiguee,DirectorofSocialMediaandOutreach,isconcernedthattheseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize"theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings."Theyoffersuchalimitedviewofwhatitistobeawoman,andallovertheworldyounggirlsareaddictedtoit,"hesays.
Siddiqueedoesrecognize,however,thatmanygirlsthemselvesvaluerealityTV.Somesayitencouragesthemtothinkaboutsituationsdifferentfromtheirown.Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.
"It'simportanttoacknowledgethattherearesomeusefulelementsinrealityTV,"Siddiqueesays."Butmanygirlsneedtobeinspiredtothinkmorecriticallyaboutsomeaspectsoftheseshowssothey'renotmanipulatedbythemandsotheirbehaviourdoesn'tchangebecauseofthem."
Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.WhetherrealityTVischangingourchildren'sviews,orwhethertheyareattractedtoprogrammesthatagreewiththeirbeliefs,it'svitalwerecognizethattheirviewinghabitscouldstrengthentheseunbalancedideals.
5.WhoarelikelytobetheprimevictimsofrealityTVshows?
A.Smallchildren.
B.Teenagegirls.
C.Newparents.
D.Randomaudience.
6.WhatistheproblemwitharealityTVshow?
A.Itistootruetolifeforviewerstobelievein.
B.Actorsinthemlackasenseofinnovation.
C.Itscontentsandviewsareratherartificial.
D.Itcanhardlycaterforteenagegirls'taste.
7.Asfarastheauthorisconcerned,whatshouldrealityTVshowspresent?
A.Genuineaccountsoffemalesandtheirwork.
B.Waystogainmorepopularityamongpeers.
C.DistinctionbetweentruelifeandTVdramas.
D.Tipsonhowtobecomeambitiousyounggirls.
8.ImranSiddqueebelievesthat.
A.itisnormaltoincludestereotypesoffemalesinrealityTVshows
B.teensneedguidanceonhowtocriticallyassessthecontentsofsuchshows
C.parentsshouldleavechildrentomakeindependentchoiceswhenviewing
D.therearemoreusefulelementsthanbadstereotypesinrealityTVshows
【答案】
5.B
6.C
7.A
8.B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。
文章论述一些真人电视节目输出的错误价值观和内容,对女性的刻板印象和强调外在,忽视了女性内在美和独立奋斗的形象,会误导青春期少女。
作者呼吁培养孩子面对这类内容要进行独立思考,而不是被塑造影响。
5.
细节理解题。
根据第三段“AresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoons.areforkids-perhapsevenworse.(一项研究表明,一些电视真人秀节目对青少年女孩的伤害就像过多的卡通片对孩子的伤害一样,甚至可能更糟。
)”可知,人秀电视节目对青少年女孩的危害很大。
故选B。
6.
推理判断题。
根据第6段“ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.(许多电视真人秀中的女性都扮演着少女妈妈或戏剧女王的角色。
在这些节目中,身强力壮、勤奋上进、有远大抱负的年轻女性并不多见。
)”和第7段“theseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize"theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings(这些节目展示了对女性最糟糕的刻板印象,并在似乎是日常的场景中将其“正常化”)”可知,第六七两段集中论述真人秀的问题,内容充满了对女性的刻板印象解读,展现的都是女性美丽的外表,而不是一个女性应该有的独立和上进心,这种价值观是错误的,会误导女孩对于女性的认知。
由此可知,真人秀的内容和观点是相当虚假的。
故选C。
7.
细节理解题。
根据第八段最后一句“Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.(他们还指出,一些节目以女性经营自己成功的企业为特色。
)”可知,一些节目展现的是成功的经营自己事业的女性,该段在说一些女孩对于这类节目的思考,也举出了不同之前批判对象那样的节目。
换句话说,这个人认为真人秀应该展现的是女性和她们的事业,故选A。
8.
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段“Butmanygirlsneedtobeinspiredtothinkmorecriticallyaboutsomeaspectsoftheseshowssothey'renotmanipulatedbythemandsotheirbehaviourdoesn'tchangebecauseofthem.(但很多女孩需要受到启发,对这些节目的某些方面进行更批判性的思考,这样她们就不会被这些节目操控,她们的行为也不会因此而改变。
”)”,可知,ImranSiddquee认为ImranSiddquee认为青少年需要关于如何批判性地评估此类节目内容的指导。
故选B。
Fouryearsagoyourfriendscongratulatedyouandyourfathertalkedbigcontinuously.Fouryearsagoyouwalkedamongthegothictowersandweatheredtraditionsthatsewourcommunitytogether.Butwhat’snext,willImakefriends,orIwillmeasureup?
AndmaybeyouquietlywonderedwhyaplacelikeYale,aplacethatsparkedthedriveofpresidents,aplacethatraisedtheworld-famousscholars,aplacethattrainedPulitzerPrizewinners,wouldeverwantyou?
IhopeyouhadthesequestionsbecauseotherwiseImighthaveembarrassedmyself.IadmitIaskedalloftheseandmore.
ItookanunconventionalpathtoYale.FiveyearsagoIwasworkingtheeveningshiftataclothingstoreinthesuburbsofVirginia.Myfamilyhadmovedeveryyearforthepastfiveyearsandourfinancesweresoconsumedthatretirementwasnotapossibility.Worseyet,mysonwasajunioratanIvyLeaguecollegeinNewJerseyandhearingabouthisprivilegedfriendsoftenremindedmeofallthethingsIwantedtogivehimbutcouldn’t.
WhenItoldhimthisherelied,“Ifyoureallywanttospoilme,spoilyourself.”Thenhetookmyhandsandtoldme
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