蒸发运行手册.docx
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蒸发运行手册.docx
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蒸发运行手册
RUNNINGHANDBOOK
OFTHECONTINUOUSEVAPORATING
PLANTINTRIPLEEFFECT
Mod.UT…/F
Code:
UTC3-A
Ref.Drawing:
01/31/06.5
三效连续蒸发运行手册
1.STARTUPANDPRELIMINARYCHECKING
启动与预备检查
*givetensiontotheelectricpanelactingontheswitchinghandleandmakesurethatthevoltagewasincludedwithin±10%ofratedvoltage;onthecontraryswitch-offthepanelandcheckthegeneralvoltagetotheelectricnetwork.
转动牵引开关手柄向配电盘供电,电压波动范围应保持在额定电压±10%以内;配电盘供电开关断开时检察电力网络的电压.
feedcompressedairtotheelectricpanelopeningtherelativeinterceptionvalvesandmakesurethatthepressurewaswithin7and9bar;onthecontrarycheckrunningoftheaircompressorandofthecompressedairnetwork
打开有关的截止阀向配电盘提供压缩空气,使压力保持在7-9bar;关闭截止阀时检查空压管网的运行压力.
*opengeneralvalveofwaterinterceptionofthewaternetwork(VAE.10)
andmakesurethatcoolingcircuitsofpumps’sealingsareproperlyfed.
打开供水管网总截止阀(VAE.10)向泵的密封处提供适量的冷却水
2.STARTUP
启动
2.1.preliminaryoperations
操作准备
●closewholedrainvalvesoftheevaporator(VD...)
●关闭蒸发器的全部排水阀(VD...)
●makesureareclosedwashingvalvesofthecondenserandofthechambers(VA1,VA2,VA3,VA4)
●关闭冷凝器清洗阀和蒸发室清洗阀(VA1,VA2,VA3,VA4)
●
●makesureareclosedwashingvalvesoftheinspectionwindowsofthechambers
●关闭蒸发室检查窗的清洗阀
●
●makesureareclosedinletvalvesofwatertothecondenser(VAC.1andVAC.2)
●关闭冷凝器进出口的水阀(VAC.1和VAC.2)
●
●makesureisclosedthewaterfeedingvalvetothevacuumpump(VAC.5,VAC.6andVAC.7)
●关闭真空泵供水阀(VAC.5,VAC.6,VAC.7)
●
●turnonMANtheselectorMAN-AUTOoftheproductpneumaticvalves(VP1…VP4)andmanuallyclosethem
●将产品气动阀(VP1…VP4)的MAN-AUTO选择器打向手动-MAN,然后手动关闭它们
●
●closevacuum-breakervale(VCC.1)
●关闭真空放空阀(VCC.1)
●
●makesurethatthetankofcoolingtowersiffullofwater
●检查冷却塔水箱是否注满水
●
●checktheset-pointoflevelregulationdevices
●检查液位调整装置的设定点
●
●programaswishedtheset-pointofBrixdegree
●浓度设定点编程(产品浓度值设定)
2.2.startupvacuumgroup
启动真空装置
●openinterceptionvalveofvacuumpump’sintake(VCC.2,VCC.3ANDVCC.4)
●打开真空泵入口截止阀(VCC.2,VCC.3,VCC.4)
●
●startupvacuumpumps(PV…)
●启动真空泵(PV…)
●
●openwaterfeedingvalvetovacuumpump(VAC.5,VAC.6andVAC.7)tilltoguaranteesufficientwatertotheliquidringofthepump
●打开真空泵供水阀(VAC.5,VAC.6,VAC.7)为真空泵液环提供足够的用水
2.3.startupcondenser’scircuit
启动冷凝回路
Startupcondenser’scircuitwhenvacuumdegree60–65cmHgisreached,legibleonthevacuometers
当真空表真空度达到60–65厘米汞柱时,启动冷凝回路
●startupfansofcoolingtowers
●启动冷却塔风扇
●
●openpneumaticinletvalvetothecondenser(VAC.1)andmanualoutletvalveoncondenserextractionpump(VAC.2)
●开启冷凝器进口气动阀(VAC.1)并手动打开冷凝器抽水泵出口处的(VAC.2)阀
●
●startwaterfeedingpumptocondenser
●启动冷凝器供水泵向冷凝器供水
●
●whenthewaterincondensercollectingtankflowsthroughtheextractionpump,startthecondenserextractionpump
●当冷凝器集水箱中的水流向抽水泵时,启动冷凝器抽水泵
●
●setthevalveVAC.1endVAC.2inordertoobtaintherightwaterflowtothecoolingtower
先设置阀VAC.1的开启度,再设置阀VAC.2的开启度以便使得流向冷却塔的水适量
2.4.feedproducttotheplant
向设备供料
Whenvacuumdegree70–72cmHgisreachedandifthetankforproductfeedingtotheplantisfull,itispossibletofeedtheevaporator.Actasfollows:
当真空度达到70-72厘米汞柱时,并且如果产品供料罐是满的,可以向蒸发器供料.操作如下:
Fillingof3°effect
3°效进料
●opentheproductregulationvalveto3°effect(VP4)turningtheselectoronAUTO
●打开去3°效的调节阀(VP4)然后将选择器旋向自动-AUTO
●
●startthe3°effectfeedingpump(PT1)
●启动3°效供料泵(PT1)
●
●whenproductlevelintothe3°effectreachestheset-point,startupcirculationpump(PP4)
●当进入3°效的产品液位达到设定点时,启动循环泵(PP4)
fillingof2°effect
2°效进料
Whentheproductlevelinthe3°effectreachesagaintheset-point:
当3°效液位再次达到设定点时
●opentheproductregulationvalveto2°effect(VP3)turningtheselectoronAUTO
●打开去2°效的产品调节阀(VP3)然后将选择器旋向自动-AUTO
●
●opentheproductmanualvalvesVP4.1andVP4.2
●打开产品手动阀VP4.1和VP4.2
●
●startthe3°effectfeedingpump(PT2)
●启动2°效供料泵(PT2)
●
●whenproductlevelintothe2°effectreachestheset-point,startupcirculationpump(PP3)
●当进入2°效的产品液位达到设定点时,启动循环泵(PP3)
fillingof1°effect1°stage
1°效1°段进料
Whentheproductlevelinthe2°effectreachesagaintheset-point:
当2°效的产品液位再次达到设定点时
●opentheproductregulationvalveto1°effect(VP1)turningtheselectoronAUTO
●打开通向1°效的产品调节阀(VP1),然后将选择器旋向自动-AUTO
●
●opentheproductmanualvalvesVP3.1andVP3.2
●打开产品手动阀VP3.1和VP3.2
●
●startthe1°effect1°stagefeedingpump(PT3)
●启动1°效1°段供料泵(PT3)
●
●whenlevelset-pointhasbeenreached,startupcirculationpump(PP1)andsetalowrotationspeed
●当设定点液位已经达到,启动循环泵(PP1)并设定一个低的运转速度
startupconcentration
开始浓缩
whenproductlevelreachesagaintheset-pointintothe1°effect1°stage,itisallowtofeedsteamto1°effect1°stage:
当进入1°效1°段的产品液位再次达到设定点时,1°效1°段允许进汽
●turntheVV1andVV3selectoronMAN
●将阀VV1和VV3的选择器旋向手动-MAN
●
●setthesteampressureon0.4-0.5bar
●设定蒸汽压力为0.4-0.5bar
●
●drainthesteamfeedingpipetoVV1andslowlyopenthemanualvalve(VV2)
●用VV1阀排空进汽管并缓慢打开手动阀(VV2)
●
●whenproductlevelintothe1°effect1°stagereachestheset-point,startupcirculationpump(PP1):
●当进入1°效1°段产品液位达到设定点时,启动循环泵(PP1):
●
-closeVV1andVV3selectoronMAN
选择器处于手动-MAN状态下,关闭VV1和VV3阀
-openVV10valve(turntheselectoronMANandsettairpressureto0psi)
打开VV10阀(旋转选择器至手动-MAN并设定空气压力为0psi)
备注:
1psi=0.068大气压力=0.070kg/cm²
-openslowlyandonlypartiallythesteamfeedingpipetotheturbine(VV16)inordertoheattheturbinebody,thenoncethetemperatureisstabilized,opencompletelythesteamvalve
缓慢部分打开进汽阀使蒸汽进入汽轮机(VV16),使之预热汽轮机体,当温度稳定后全部打开进汽阀
-actonthespeedregulationscrewtosettheturbinespeedattherightvalue
使用汽轮机速度调节螺旋调整其速度为适当值
●startthecondensateextractionpumps(PA2andPA3)
●启动冷凝液排出泵(PA2和PA3)
●
●makesurethatsimpleeffectvalves(VV5,VV8andVV9)areclosed
●确认单效阀(VV5,VV8,VV9)是关闭的
●
●openthesteamvalvesVV3andVV12(selectoronMAN)
●打开蒸汽阀VV3和VV12(在选择器处于手动-MAN下)
●
●closesteamvalveVV10(turntheselectoronMANandsetairpressureto15psi)
●关闭蒸汽阀VV10(旋转选择器至手动-MAN并设定空气压力为15psi)
备注:
1psi=0.068大气压力=0.070kg/cm²
●
●whentheproductishotenoughdirectsteamfromVV1valvecanbedirectedtothe1°effect:
来自于VV1阀的蒸汽直接加热1°效产品
fillingof1°effect2°stage
1°效2°段供料
Whenproductconcentrationintothe1°effect1°stagereaches20°Brixdegree(readablebymanualrefractometeronsamplestobeextractedfromVD1.1valve)transfertheproductto1steffect2ndstage:
当进入1°效1°段的产品浓缩度达到20°Brix时(从VD1.1阀抽样,通过手动折射仪测试采样,读数)转移产品至1°效2°段:
●openthemanualvalveVP2.1
●打开手动阀VP2.1
●
●manuallyopenautomaticvalve(VP2)forproductflowregulationgettinginto1°effect2°stage,inordertotransfertheproducttothe2°stageavoidingemptyingof1°stage(keepselectoronMAN)
●手动打开自动阀(VP2)以便产品可以流向1°效2°段,为了输送产品到2°段时避免1°段打空(保持选择器处于手动-MAN下)
●whentheset-pointhasbeenreachedagain,turntheselectorMAN-AUTOofVPvalveonAUTO
●当设定点重新达到时,旋转VP阀的MAN-AUTO选择器至自动-AUTO
●
●opensteamvalve(VV5)tothe2°stage
●打开到2°段的蒸汽阀(VV5)
●
●turnonAUTOtheselectorMAN-O-AUTOofautomaticvalveVV1forsteamregulationandprogramtheregulatoraccordingtotheevaporationcapacityreguestedtotheplant
●使蒸汽自动调节阀VV1的MAN-O-AUTO选择器处于自动-AUTO下,程控调节器根据设备蒸发能力需求自动调节
productextraction
产品的抽取
Whenproductconcentrationintothe2°effect2°stageinclosedtotheset-pointprogrammedonBrixdegreeregulator,andiftherecoverytankdownstreamtheplantisready,productextractionisallowed:
当进入2°效2°段的浓缩产品浓度达到Brix度标准程序设定点时,如果下道工序产品收受罐已经准备好,产品可以输送:
●turnonAUTOtheselectorMAN-AUTOofabovesaidregulator
●将上述调节器的MAN-AUTO选择器旋至自动-AUTO
●
●opentheoutletproductvalveVP2.3
●打开产品出口阀门VP2.3
●
●makesurethattherecoverytankdownstreamtheplantisreadytoreceivetheproductandthenstartupextractionpump(PT4)
●确认下道工序的收受罐已经准备好后,启动抽料泵(PT4)
3.RUNNING
运行
Theplantinregularconditionrunscompletelyautomatically:
在正常条件下设备全自动运行
●levelregulatorsadjustthepneumaticvalvesforproductflowinletinordertokeepconstantlyonthesetpointthechamber’slevel
●液位调节器调节产品流入口的气动阀,保持容器内液位设定点恒定
●
●steampressureregulatoradjustsopeningofsteamflowgettingintothedesuperheaterinordertokeepconstantthesteampressureontheprogrammedset-point
●蒸汽压力调节器调节进入(过热蒸汽的)减温器的蒸汽流量,保证程序设定点的蒸汽压力不变
●
●Brixdegreeregulatoradjustsspeedofextractionpumpinordertokeepconstantonprogrammedvalueconcentrationoftheproductextractedfromtheplant
浓度调节器调节抽取泵的速度,以保持从设备抽取产品的浓度始终处于程序设定值
●Incaselevelofjuicefeedingtankislowtheautomaticsteamvalve(VV1)closes
当果汁供料罐液位低时,蒸汽阀(VV1)自动关闭
●Incaselevelofjuicefeedingtankisminimum,incaseoflowvacuumdegreeorincaseonecirculationpumpstops,steamvalvesVV3,VV5andVV12closes,steamdischargevalveVV10opensandjuiceinletvalvetoflashchamber(VPF)closes
●当果汁供料罐液位处于最低位,真空度低或某一台循环泵停止时,蒸汽阀VV3,VV5和VV12关闭,蒸汽排出阀VV10打开,到闪蒸室的果汁入口阀(VPF)关闭
TheOperatormustperiodicallycheckandeventuallyregulate:
操作者必须对以下做周期性检查和最终校准:
●productlevelandcirculationinsideofthechambers(ascarceproductcirculationandlowlevelcancauseproductburninsideheatexchangingpipes,whileanintenseproductcirculationandtoohighlevelcancauseentrainmentofproductdropswithsteam)
●产品液位和在室内的循环(产品循环不好,低液位循环能够使得产品在热交换器管内焦糊,当产品循环过于强烈,液位太高时能够引起产品液滴被蒸发汽夹带走)
●properrunningofautomaticlevelregulators,pressureandBrixdegree
液位调节仪,压力调节仪和浓度仪正确自动运行
●valueofconcentrationdegree,legibleontherefractometerplacedonline:
periodicallyconcen
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