挖掘机液压故障检修分析Troubleshooting of excavator hydraulic pressure.docx
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挖掘机液压故障检修分析Troubleshooting of excavator hydraulic pressure.docx
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挖掘机液压故障检修分析Troubleshootingofexcavatorhydraulicpressure
挖掘机液压故障检修分析(Troubleshootingofexcavatorhydraulicpressure)
Troubleshootingofexcavatorhydraulicpressure
Theworkingprincipleofexcavatorhydraulicsystemisexpounded
Hydraulicfailureanalysis,andproposesolutions
Thehydraulicsystemofexcavatormainlyconsistsofpilotcontrol,hydraulicsystem,slewinghydraulicsystem,runninghydraulicsystem,workingdeviceandhydraulicsystem
Theutilitymodelhastheadvantagesofcompactstructure,flexiblemovement,stableoperation,convenientoperation,etc.
Hydraulicsystemuseshydraulicoilasmediumtotransferpower
Becauseofthesystem
Thepartofthehydrauliccomponentiswornandleaked
Overheatingatthesametime
Inabilitytoworkandmalfunction.Generally,hydraulicfaultsaresuddenandcovert
Andinvolve
Morehydrauliccomponents
Principletoanalyzethecauseofhydraulicfailureaccurately,findthemethodtosolvetheproblemandimprovethequalityofmaintenance.
1theworkingprincipleofexcavatorhydraulicsystem
Itbringssomedifficultiestotroubleshootingandsolving
Therefore,whenthehydraulicfailureischeckedandrepaired
Thepremiseistounderstandhydraulicwork
Thehydraulicsystemofanexcavatorisusuallycomposedofsomeloops
Theyincludeworkcircuit,voltagelimitingcircuit,unloadingloop,buffercircuitandthrottlingspeedregulation
Andthrottlingspeedlimitloop,speedlimitloopandpilotvalvecontrolloop,etc..Itshydrauliccomponentmainlyhastheworkpump,therepairoilpump,thepilotcontrolvalve,themastercontrol
Valve,safetyvalve,bigarmcylinder,smallarmcylinder,bucketcylinder,oiltankandhydraulictube.
Excavatorhydraulicsysteminthecourseofwork
Thehydraulicoilispumpedfromthetankbottomthroughtheoilfilterandispumpedbytheworkpump
Theoutputfromthepumphasacertainpressure
Thehydraulicoilentersasetofparallelmaincontrolvalves.Throughthehandle,pilotvalve,workvalvesettoachievethecorrespondingaction
Thesystempassesthroughthetotaloilpath
Themasterreliefvalvelimitsthetotalpressureofthewholesystem
Thesafetyvalvesoftheworkingoilcircuitrespectivelyactasoverloadprotectionandhydraulicoilcompensationtoeachoilcircuitrespectively.
2excavatorhydraulicsystemcommonfaultanalysisandsolution
Thesettingpressureofanexcavatorhydraulicsystemisusually
32MPaorso
Whenthesystempressureislowerthan
32MPawillcauseexcavatorboomliftingdelay
Slowweaknessandrotation,slowness,weakness,etc..Thehydraulicpressureofhydraulicsystemislow,usuallyduetotheblockageofhydrauliccomponentsorleakageofhydraulicpipe
The
Therefore,thehydraulicsystemshouldbecheckedfromthehydrauliccircuit
Abilitytojudgeandsolveproblems.
2.1incaseofexcavatorarmliftingslowandweak
Whileothermovementsarenormal
Failurecauseanalysis
Ifonlythearmlift,slowweakness
Whilethebucketisturnedoverproperly.Thisshowsthatthehydraulicworkpumpandmasterreliefvalvearenormalworkers
The
Thesystempressurecanbeachieved
32,MPa,indicatingthatthehydraulicpumpinletlineandfilteroiltankandfueltankrelatedpipelineisunblocked
Andoil
Theoilcontentandtheoilqualityofthetankareallright.Atthispoint,onlyfromthebigarmslidevalve,bigarmcylinderandpipelineleakageandplugthesituationtostartonebyone
Analysis.
(1)firstchecktheblockageoftheoilcircuit
Makeroutinetreatmentfirst
Removethetubingandthelargearmslidevalve,stemandassociatedcomponentsforcleaning
Cleantheoilpassagesandblowthemwithcompressedair
Blowdry.
(2)Secondly,checktheleakageoftheoilcircuit
Excavatorhydraulicsystemafteruseforaperiodoftime,oftenbecauseofsealfailure,damage,extrusionorsealing,surfacedamagecausedbyleakage
Phenomenon.Thisleakageoccurredmainlybecause
:
thehydraulicoilispolluted,thesurfaceroughnessofsealingpartsisuneven,andthesealinggrooveisnotqualified
Tube.
Loosejoints,enlargedfittingparts,highoiltemperature,badsealingringorbadassembly.Leakageisdividedintointernalleakageandexternalleakage
Theleakisobvious
Andit'seasytohandle
Thevastmajorityofhydraulicfailuresarecausedbyleaksinthesystem
Thecauseofthetroubleisdifficulttoeliminate
Hydrauliccomponentsshouldbecarriedoutonebyone
Analysisandeliminationcanidentifytherealcauseofthefailure.
(3)treatmentofinternalleakageinexcavator
Thehydraulicleakageofexcavatorismainlyproducedinsidetheboom,slidevalveandcylinder
It'snoteasytocheck.
Checkthelargearmcylinder
Whenthelargearmcylinderpistonisclosedtothebottom
Removetherodlesstubing
Thelargearmcylinderhasarodchambertocontinuecharging.Ifthereisno
Alargeamountofworkingoilisreleasedfromthetubingopeningatthestemcavity
Theleakageofthehydrauliccylinderisexplained
Thebucketcanalsobeloadedwithload
Lifttothelimitposition
Boomcontrollever
Placeincenter
Andturntheengineoff
Observethesinkingspeedofthebigarm
Then
Positiontheboomleverontheraisedposition
Iftheboomissinkingatthismoment
Degreesnoticeablyaccelerated
Itisalsoexplainedthattheinnerleakageoccursinthehydrauliccylinder
Ifthesinkingvelocityisnotobvious
Theleakageiscausedbythebigarmslidevalve.
Inspectionoflargearmslidevalve
Largearmslidevalveleakageismainlystemandvalvewiththegapistoolarge,pressureadjustment,springdamage,thevalveseal
Causedbydamage,etc.Checktheclearancebetweenthestemandthevalvebody
Checkthepressurespring
Seeifthesealinthevalveisdamaged.Maintenancesolution
:
Ifmeasured,theoiltankleaksoverthespecifiedvalue
Itshouldbetakenapartforfurtherexamination
Ifthesealingringisdamaged,replacement,suchaswallinjuryseriousshouldbereplaced
Cylinder,suchasmovingarmvalve,severewear,youneedtoreplacethearmslidevalve.
2.2iftheexcavatorbigarmworkproperly
It'sjustthesmallarm
Bucket
Workisslowandweak
Failurecauseanalysis
Ifthearmworksproperly
It'sjustthesmallarm
Bucket
Workisslowandweak.Thisshowsthattheproblemisinthearm
Wejustneed
Inspectionarm
Anditsseals.
Removalandmaintenanceprogram:
first,easytodifficulttodealwithexternalleakage,ifnotyetsolvedtheproblem,proceedtocheckorreplacethesmallarmslidevalve,
Pressureelementorseal.
2.3incaseofexcavatorarmliftingorturningareslowandweak.
Bucket
Workingslidevalve,reliefvalve,
Safetyvalve,liquid,etc.
Failurecauseanalysis
Inthehydraulicsystemoftheworkunit
Boththearmandtheturnareabnormal
Therearemanyreasonsforthis
Itmaycontain
Infrontofthefaultphenomenon
Itisalsorelatedtothetroublesofthemainsafetyvalve,hydraulicpump,oilfilter,hydraulicoil,maincontrolvalveandsoon.Becauseitinvolvesalotofpoints
Yes,wecan
Fromeasytodifficult,startingfromthekeypointofinspection.Let'scheckthemostintuitivepointsfirst
Checkthatthefueltankisinadequate
Checkthecleanlinessandcolorofthehydraulicoil
Color,viscosity,consistency,andodor.Thehydraulicoilflowsfromthehighpressuresidetothelowpressuresidewithoutmechanicalwork
Heatisgeneratedinthehydraulicsystem.Hydraulicoiltemperature
Toohigh
Itwillcausedeteriorationofthesealandoxidationoftheoiltofailure
Causescorrosionanddeposits
Soastoclogthedampingholesandacceleratethewearofthevalve
Too.
Thehightemperaturewillcausethespoolandthehydraulicpumptodie.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,firstremovethem
Next,checkseveralkeyparts.Fromodds
Largearmslidevalveand
Rotaryslidevalvesimultaneouslydamaged
Thepossibilityofsimultaneousleakagebetweenthebigarmcylinderandtherotarycylinderisless.Therefore,weshouldfirstaimattheexcavator
Linesystempressuretest
Atthepressurepoint
40MParangepressuregauge
Theengineisattheratedspeed
Lifttheupperarmtothetopposition
Atthispoint
Themanometershowsthemaximumsystempressure
Readingsareabout
30-32MPa.
Removalandmaintenanceplan
Ifthesystempressureislow
Itshouldbeanalyzedandeliminatedmainlyfromthefollowingaspects
:
(1)themaincontrolvalveisinternallyleaking
Themainreasonforleakageinthemaincontrolvalve
Themainspoolofthemainreliefvalveisjammed
Thegapbetweenthevalvestemandthevalvebodyistoolarge
Pressureregulatingspringdamage
Damageorbody,suchastrachomaissealedinsidethevalve.Checkwhethertheconevalveofthegeneralreliefvalveisjammed
Checkthematchingofthestemwiththevalvebody
clearance
Thenormalfitgapshallbeinthe
Between0.005-0.025mm
Therepairlimitis
0.04mmcheckthemainvalveandthemainvalvesleeveclearance
Thatis
Oftenwithstandardclearancefor
0.010-0.018mm,therepairlimitis
0.03mm.
Checkthatthepressurespringandthesealinthevalvearedamaged.
(2)leakageinthepump
Ifthepumpisnoisyatwork
Andthehighertheenginespeed
Thegreaterthepumpnoise
Theleakageoftheworkingpumpisserious
Orfiltering
Thereisalotofcoppershavingsintheoil.Theworkpumpshouldberemovedforservicing
Ifthereisanydamage
Shouldberepairedorreplaced.
(3)aftercheckinganddealingwiththetotalpressureofthesystem
Iftheworkisstillnotnormal,themovablearmpartandthebucketpartshallbeeliminatedonebyone
Andsolve.
(4)iftheabovetestsarenormal
Thepressureoftheworkingoilcircuitismeas
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