国际联盟盟约.docx
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国际联盟盟约.docx
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国际联盟盟约
TheCovenantoftheLeagueofNations
(IncludingAmendmentsadoptedtoDecember,1924)
THEHIGHCONTRACTINGPARTIES,
Inordertopromoteinternationalco-operationandtoachieveinternationalpeaceandsecurity
bytheacceptanceofobligationsnottoresorttowar,
bytheprescriptionofopen,justandhonourablerelationsbetweennations,
bythefirmestablishmentoftheunderstandingsofinternationallawastheactualruleofconductamongGovernments,and
bythemaintenanceofjusticeandascrupulousrespectforalltreatyobligationsinthedealingsoforganisedpeopleswithoneanother,
AgreetothisCovenantoftheLeagueofNations.
ARTICLE1.
TheoriginalMembersoftheLeagueofNationsshallbethoseoftheSignatorieswhicharenamedintheAnnextothisCovenantandalsosuchofthoseotherStatesnamedintheAnnexasshallaccedewithoutreservationtothisCovenant.SuchaccessionshallbeeffectedbyaDeclarationdepositedwiththeSecretariatwithintwomonthsofthecomingintoforceoftheCovenant.NoticethereofshallbesenttoallotherMembersoftheLeague.
Anyfullyself-governingState,DominionorColonynotnamedintheAnnexmaybecomeaMemberoftheLeagueifitsadmissionisagreedtobytwo-thirdsoftheAssembly,providedthatitshallgiveeffectiveguaranteesofitssincereintentiontoobserveitsinternationalobligations,andshallacceptsuchregulationsasmaybeprescribedbytheLeagueinregardtoitsmilitary,navalandairforcesandarmaments.
AnyMemberoftheLeaguemay,aftertwoyears'noticeofitsintentionsotodo,withdrawfromtheLeague,providedthatallitsinternationalobligationsandallitsobligationsunderthisCovenantshallhavebeenfulfilledatthetimeofitswithdrawal.
ARTICLE2.
TheactionoftheLeagueunderthisCovenantshallbeeffectedthroughtheinstrumentalityofanAssemblyandofaCouncil,withapermanentSecretariat.
ARTICLE3.
TheAssemblyshallconsistofRepresentativesoftheMembersoftheLeague.
TheAssemblyshallmeetatstatedintervalsandfromtimetotimeasoccasionmayrequireattheSeatoftheLeagueoratsuchotherplaceasmaybedecidedupon.
TheAssemblymaydealatitsmeetingswithanymatterwithinthesphereofactionoftheLeagueoraffectingthepeaceoftheworld.AtmeetingsoftheAssemblyeachMemberoftheLeagueshallhaveonevote,andmayhavenotmorethanthreeRepresentatives.
ARTICLE4.
TheCouncilshallconsistofRepresentativesofthePrincipalAlliedandAssociatedPowers,togetherwithRepresentativesoffourotherMembersoftheLeague.ThesefourMembersoftheLeagueshallbeselectedbytheAssemblyfromtimetotimeinitsdiscretion.UntiltheappointmentoftheRepresentativesofthefourMembersoftheLeaguefirstselectedbytheAssembly,RepresentativesofBelgium,Brazil,SpainandGreeceshallbemembersoftheCouncil.
WiththeapprovalofthemajorityoftheAssembly,theCouncilmaynameadditionalMembersoftheLeaguewhoseRepresentativesshallalwaysbemembersoftheCouncil;theCouncil,withlikeapprovalmayincreasethenumberofMembersoftheLeaguetobeselectedbytheAssemblyforrepresentationontheCouncil.
TheCouncilshallmeetfromtimetotimeasoccasionmayrequire,andatleastonceayear,attheSeatoftheLeague,oratsuchotherplaceasmaybedecidedupon.
TheCouncilmaydealatitsmeetingswithanymatterwithinthesphereofactionoftheLeagueoraffectingthepeaceoftheworld.
AnyMemberoftheLeaguenotrepresentedontheCouncilshallbeinvitedtosendaRepresentativetositasamemberatanymeetingoftheCouncilduringtheconsiderationofmattersspeciallyaffectingtheinterestsofthatMemberoftheLeague.
AtmeetingsoftheCouncil,eachMemberoftheLeaguerepresentedontheCouncilshallhaveonevote,andmayhavenotmorethanoneRepresentative.
ARTICLE5.
ExceptwhereotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisCovenantorbythetermsofthepresentTreaty,decisionsatanymeetingoftheAssemblyoroftheCouncilshallrequiretheagreementofalltheMembersoftheLeaguerepresentedatthemeeting.
AllmattersofprocedureatmeetingsoftheAssemblyoroftheCouncil,includingtheappointmentofCommitteestoinvestigateparticularmatters,shallberegulatedbytheAssemblyorbytheCouncilandmaybedecidedbyamajorityoftheMembersoftheLeaguerepresentedatthemeeting.
ThefirstmeetingoftheAssemblyandthefirstmeetingoftheCouncilshallbesummonedbythePresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.
ARTICLE6.
ThepermanentSecretariatshallbeestablishedattheSeatoftheLeague.TheSecretariatshallcompriseaSecretaryGeneralandsuchsecretariesandstaffasmayberequired.
ThefirstSecretaryGeneralshallbethepersonnamedintheAnnex;thereaftertheSecretaryGeneralshallbeappointedbytheCouncilwiththeapprovalofthemajorityoftheAssembly.
ThesecretariesandstaffoftheSecretariatshallbeappointedbytheSecretaryGeneralwiththeapprovaloftheCouncil.
TheSecretaryGeneralshallactinthatcapacityatallmeetingsoftheAssemblyandoftheCouncil.
TheexpensesoftheLeagueshallbebornebytheMembersoftheLeagueintheproportiondecidedbytheAssembly.
ARTICLE7.
TheSeatoftheLeagueisestablishedatGeneva.
TheCouncilmayatanytimedecidethattheSeatoftheLeagueshallbeestablishedelsewhere.
AllpositionsunderorinconnectionwiththeLeague,includingtheSecretariat,shallbeopenequallytomenandwomen.
RepresentativesoftheMembersoftheLeagueandofficialsoftheLeaguewhenengagedonthebusinessoftheLeagueshallenjoydiplomaticprivilegesandimmunities.
ThebuildingsandotherpropertyoccupiedbytheLeagueoritsofficialsorbyRepresentativesattendingitsmeetingsshallbeinviolable.
ARTICLE8.
TheMembersoftheLeaguerecognisethatthemaintenanceofpeacerequiresthereductionofnationalarmamentstothelowestpointconsistentwithnationalsafetyandtheenforcementbycommonactionofinternationalobligations.
TheCouncil,takingaccountofthegeographicalsituationandcircumstancesofeachState,shallformulateplansforsuchreductionfortheconsiderationandactionoftheseveralGovernments.Suchplansshallbesubjecttoreconsiderationandrevisionatleasteverytenyears.
AftertheseplansshallhavebeenadoptedbytheseveralGovernments,thelimitsofarmamentsthereinfixedshallnotbeexceededwithouttheconcurrenceoftheCouncil.
TheMembersoftheLeagueagreethatthemanufacturebyprivateenterpriseofmunitionsandimplementsofwarisopentograveobjections.TheCouncilshalladvisehowtheevileffectsattendantuponsuchmanufacturecanbeprevented,dueregardbeinghadtothenecessitiesofthoseMembersoftheLeaguewhicharenotabletomanufacturethemunitionsandimplementsofwarnecessaryfortheirsafety.
TheMembersoftheLeagueundertaketointerchangefullandfrankinformationastothescaleoftheirarmaments,theirmilitary,navalandairprogrammesandtheconditionofsuchoftheirindustriesasareadaptabletowar-likepurposes.
ARTICLE9.
ApermanentCommissionshallbeconstitutedtoadvisetheCouncilontheexecutionoftheprovisionsofArticles1and8andonmilitary,navalandairquestionsgenerally.
ARTICLE10.
TheMembersoftheLeagueundertaketorespectandpreserveasagainstexternalaggressiontheterritorialintegrityandexistingpoliticalindependenceofallMembersoftheLeague.IncaseofanysuchaggressionorincaseofanythreatordangerofsuchaggressiontheCouncilshalladviseuponthemeansbywhichthisobligationshallbefulfilled.
ARTICLE11.
Anywarorthreatofwar,whetherimmediatelyaffectinganyoftheMembersoftheLeagueornot,isherebydeclaredamatterofconcerntothewholeLeague,andtheLeagueshalltakeanyactionthatmaybedeemedwiseandeffectualtosafeguardthepeaceofnations.IncaseanysuchemergencyshouldarisetheSecretaryGeneralshallontherequestofanyMemberoftheLeagueforthwithsummonameetingoftheCouncil.
ItisalsodeclaredtobethefriendlyrightofeachMemberoftheLeaguetobringtotheattentionoftheAssemblyoroftheCouncilanycircumstancewhateveraffectinginternationalrelationswhichthreatenstodisturbinternationalpeaceorthegoodunderstandingbetweennationsuponwhichpeacedepends.
ARTICLE12.
TheMembersoftheLeagueagreethat,ifthereshouldarisebetweenthemanydisputelikelytoleadtoarupturetheywillsubmitthemattereithertoarbitrationorjudicialsettlementortoenquirybytheCouncil,andtheyagreeinnocasetoresorttowaruntilthreemonthsaftertheawardbythearbitratorsorthejudicialdecision,orthereportbytheCouncil.InanycaseunderthisArticletheawardofthearbitratorsorthejudicialdecisionshallbemadewithinareasonabletime,andthereportoftheCouncilshallbemadewithinsixmonthsafterthesubmissionofthedispute.
ARTICLE13.
TheMembersoftheLeagueagreethatwheneveranydisputeshallarisebetweenthemwhichtheyrecognisetobesuitableforsubmissiontoarbitrationorjudicialsettlementandwhichcannotbesatisfactorilysettledbydiplomacy,theywillsubmitthewholesubject-mattertoarbitrationorjudicialsettlement.
Disputesastotheinterpretationofatreaty,astoanyquestionofinternationallaw,astotheexistenceofanyfactwhichifestablishedwouldconstituteabreachofanyinternationalobligation,orastotheextentandnatureofthereparationtobemadeforanysuchbreach,aredeclaredtobeamongthosewhicharegenerallysuitableforsubmissiontoarbitrationorjudicialsettlement.
Fortheconsiderationofanysuch
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