甘肃省兰州市届高三一诊英语试题Word版含答案Word文档格式.docx

甘肃省兰州市届高三一诊英语试题Word版含答案Word文档格式.docx

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Thislong,skinnysliceofSouthAmericasuccessfullypacksapowerfulpunch,withstrangecharmsinValparaiso,excellentwineintheMaipoValleyanddiverselandscapesacrosstheArcadianDesert,ChileanPatagoniaandEasterIsland.

Flyingisthemostconvenientwaytogetaround,butflightsarenotcheap.Busesaremorewallet-friendly,andChile’sbussystemisefficient,butbusjourneyscaneasilytake17to36hours.

Montenegro

Thecountry’scoastlineisitsbestfeature,anditswindingcoastalroadsandmountain-meets-oceanscenerycreatetheperfectbackgroundforaroadtrip.SleepyseasidetownsalongtheBayofKotorarehometomom-and-poprestaurantsandeleganthotels,whilethewalledcityofKororoffersviewsoftheclassicredrooftopsoftheAdriatic.

Madagascar

Madagascar，theworld’sfourth-largestislandoneofthemostbiodiverse（生物多样的）placesontheplanet,hasbeenrapidlyaffectedbyclimatechange.

Visitingthecountrycanserveasaneducationalopportunityfortravelerswhowanttounderstandthebadeffectsofglobalwarmingandirresponsiblehumanactions,Somecan’t-missexperiencesinMadagascarincludeswimmingandsnorkelingaroundNosyBe,spottinglemurs（狐猴）inRanomafanaNationalPark,admiringtherockylandscapesofIsaloNationalParkandasunsetwalkalongtheAvenueoftheBaobabs.

AbuDhabi,theUAE

After10yearsofplanningandnearly$2billionincosts,theLouvreAbuDhabicelebrateditsgrandopeningonNov.11,2017.Now,loversofartandarchitectureareracingtotheUnitedArabEmirates’capitaltosecitsnewestfeatofmoderndesign-theproductofFrencharchitectJeanNouvel.TheLouvreAbuDhabi’sslogan,“seehumanityinanewlight”,drawsattentiontothemuseum^missiontoemphasizethecommonalitiesandcelebratethedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternart.

WhileinAbuDhabi,travelerscanalsocheckoutthecity’sotherfamousarchitecturalwonder-SheikhZayedGrandMosque-whichwasratedtheworldssecond-bestlandmarkinTripAdvisor’s2017Travelers’ChoiceAwards.

1.WhichofthefollowingisadisadvantageoftravellingbybusinChile?

A.Itisveryexpensive.

B.Itmaynothelpyousavetime,

C.Busesdon’trunatbusyhours.

D.Busesarealwaysverycrowded.

2.WhatdoyouknowabouttravellinginMadagascarfromthepassage?

A.If$muchcheaperlogoaroundbybusthanbyplane.

B.Youcantakeagoodtripalongthebeautifulcoastalroads.

C.Youcanlearnmoreabouttheimpactsofclimatechange,

D.It’sagoodchancetosecgreenmountainsandredrooftops.

3.Ifyouareinterestedinartandarchitecture,youcantravelto________.

A.ChileB.MontenegroC.MadagascarD.AbuDhabi,theUAE

B

Asuccessfulbusinessman,addressingthecommercialclubofhiscity,toldastoryofanorphan（孤儿）namedJim.

Jimwas12yearsold,whowasthelaughingstockofthewholetown.Heneverrememberedhavingakindwordspokentohiminhiswholelife.OnedayasJimwalkeddownthestreet,hesawsomeflowersslipfromalittlelady’sarmsjustinfrontofhim.Jimgathereduptheflowersandreplacedtheminherarms.“Thankyou,dear;

youareanicelittleboy.”shesaidkindly,andwentonherwayaftergivinghimabrightsmile.

Jimwasamazed.Thesewerethefirstkindwordshehadeverheardinhiswholetwelveyearsofexistence.Hestoodandstaredafterheruntilshewasoutofsight,thenhemadestraightforastream.Hesatdownonthebankofthestreamanddidsomethinking.“Thankyou,dear;

youareanicelittleboy,”hethought.Finallytheboypulledfromhispocketsapieceofbrokenmirrorandlookedathimself.Hesawnothingbutdirt.Hewentdowntothewaterandwashedhisfacecarefully,almostpainfully.Thenhelookedagain.Hescarcelyrecognizedhimself.Hestoodstraightandlookedupinsteadofdownforthefirsttimesincehecouldremember.

Afeedingofself-respectawokewithinhisbeing.Atthatmomentthecourseofhislifewaschanged;

adeterminationtobeworthyofthekindwordsspokentohimbythelittlelady,andtopassthemon,tookpossessionofhissoul.AftertellingthisstoryofJim,thespeakerpausedandthenheshockedtheaudiencebysaying,“Gentlemen,Iwasthatboy.Thatgentlewomanimplantedinmylifethefirstseedofkindness.AsatributetohermemoryIhavetoldyouthisstory.”

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thelaughingstock”inparagraph2?

A.Jimlikedplayingjokesonothers.

B.Jimwasalwayslaughedatbyothers,

C.Jimwasgoodatmakingothershappy.

D.Jimhadinterestintellingfunnystories.

5.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribethelady?

A.Brave.B.Clever.C.Friendly.D.Honest.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Jimwantedpeopletosaykindwordstoothers.

B.Theladybecameveryfamousbecauseofthatstory.

C.ItwasthefirsttimeforJimtotellhisstorytoothers.

D.Jimmadeatotofmoneybytellinghisstoriestoothers.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.AStoryofJimB.AGoodLadyC.AKindWordD.ASuccessfulBusinessman

C

Childrenallovertheworldwhohavetriedthepotatoorlemonbatteryexperimentsknowthatanelectricalcurrentcanbegeneratedbycreatingareactionbetweenthefoodandtwodifferentmetals.However,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyhavefoundawaytoharvestpowerfromtrees.Theyusethesamemetalforbothelectrodes（电极）specificallyinordernottoconfusethiseffectwiththepotatoeffect.

Whileprovingthattreescanprovideasourceofpowerisasignificantstep,akeyquestionremains:

canthetinyvoltage（电压）producedbyatreebeusedforanythinguseful?

Nowscientistsaredebatingoverhowtousethispowersourceforhumanbenefits.

Themostpracticalthingisfirealarmforforestdepartment,originatingfromthetreeitself.Treeselectricpowercanchargeabattery.Thisbatteryinturnwillbeconnectedtoasmallsensor.Thissensorwillpowerabriefradiotransmission（传送）.Thatradiosignalwilltransportdailysoilandairconditionmeasurementstoanetworkofmuchlarger,solarpoweredForest-Serviceenvironmentalmonitoringstations.Thosesensorswiltalsogiveoutacrisissignalintheeventofasuddenrisein-airtemperature-thatmightindicatetheoutbreakofaforestfire.

“Itrulybelieveithaspotential,”saidVictoriaHenderson,branchchiefforequipmentandchemicalsattheForestServicedNationalInteragencyFireCenter.“Ifthiscanenhance（提高）ourexistingtechnologytoadegreethatwouldgainusalotmorefireprotection,thenwe’dlookataplantopurchaseitforournationwideinfrastructure（基础设施）,whichishuge.”

ResearchershavediscoveredthatthegreaterthepHdifferencebetweenthetreeandthesoilthemoretheenergywillbeproduced.Someresearchersalsoadmitthat“treepower”isn’taspracticalassolarenergy,butbelievethatthesystemcouldbescaled-upasalow-costoptionforpoweringtreesensorsthathelpdetectenvironmentalconditionsorforestfires,Usingtheelectronicoutputtokeeptrackofatree’shealthisanotherpossibility.

8.Whydoestheauthormentionthepotatobatteryexperimentinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplainwhatitis.

B.Tostresstheimportanceofelectricity.

C.Tointroducethepowersourcefromtrees.

D.Toencouragepeopletotrythisexperiment.

9.Whatdoweknowaboutthefirealarmmentionedinthethirdparagraph?

A.Thefirealarmcanmakeaveryloudsound.

B.Smokefromafirecancausethealarmtogooff.

C.Theelectricpoweritneedscomesfromthetree.

D.Ithasbeenwidelyusedintheforestdepartment.

10.What’sVictoriaHenderson’sattitudetowardsthefirealarmsystem?

A.Cautious.B.Favorable.C.Disapproving.D.Unconcerned,

11.Whatcausestreestocreateelectricalcurrents?

A.Thesensorimplantedinthetree.

B.Thenewwayadoptedbytheresearchers.

C.Thespecialmetalusedinthebatteryexperiment.

D.ThepHdifferencebetweenthesoilandthetrees.

D

Inthelastfewyears,youmayhavenoticedtheterra“microplastics”inthenews.Microplasticsaretinypiecesofplasticfromdiscarded（丢弃的）plasticbottles,bagsandcontainersthatendupinrivers,lakesandoceans.Becausetheyaresotinyandhardtosee,researcherssetsailtocollectwatersamplesandestimatetheamountofplasticintheocean.The5GyresInstitute,anorganizationaimedatreducingplasticspollutioninouroceans,estimatesthat296,000tonsofplasticarefloatingintheworld’soceans.But,ifyouthinkthatoceansaretheonlywaterbodieswithamicropiasticsproblem,thinkagain-theproblemisalsoreportedintheChesapeakeBay,inourownbackyard.

Inapartnershipwiththe5GyresInstitute,TrashFreeMarylandtooktotheChesapeakeBayinNovembertostudythepresenceofmicropiasticsinthewater.SettingoutfromDeale,Md.,theresearchteamcollectedsevensamplesbydraggingatrawl（拖网）foranhouratatime.Thetrawlwasfittedwithacone-shaped（锥形的）net,whoseholesmeasure330microns（微米）wide,aboutthewidthoftwotothreestrandsofhumanhair.Waterflowsthroughthemainopeningandthefinemesh（网眼）ofnetensuresanythingsuspendedmthewateristrappedbehind.

Insevensamples,thenetpickedupalgae（海藻）trash,foamandplastic.Accordingtothe5GyresInstituterepresentative,thefirstsamplecollectedcontainedalmost10timesthea