仁爱英语九年级下册定语从句.docx
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仁爱英语九年级下册定语从句.docx
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仁爱英语九年级下册定语从句
一、概念:
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
二、关系词:
关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、分类:
分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
例:
Water,whichisaclearliquid,hasmanyuses.(非限制性定于从句)
四、关系代词的用法:
1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:
Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)
Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)
用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:
Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)
Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作宾语)
,whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。
例如:
ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。
(作主语)
Whoistheteacher(whom)LiMingistalkingto正在与李明谈话的老师是谁(作宾语)
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。
例如:
Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.这是我们去年居住的房子。
PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)关系词只能用that的情况:
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop你在商店里有什么东西要买吗
c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Whoisthegirlthatiscrying正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁
f.主句是therebe结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况:
a.先行词为that,those时,用which,而不用that.例如:
What‘sthatwhichisunderthedesk在桌子底下的那些东西是什么b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which,而不用that.例如:
Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。
例如:
Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。
例如:
Thisisplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。
例如:
Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
练习题:
一、选择填空:
1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather
-Yes,he‘sourheadmaster.
A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom
2.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim
A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone
3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it
4.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday
A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtit
C.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtit
5.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.
A.whichagreesB.whoagree
C.whoagreesD.whichagree
6.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.
A.thatB.itC.whichwho
7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate
A.who‘sB.whoseC.thatofwhich.
8.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.
A.which;isB.whom;wasC.who;isD.who;was
9.Mr.LiisanEnglishteacher______lovedplayingsoccer.
A.whoB.whomC.heD.which
10.Wecalledtheman________hadpromisedtohelpus.
A.heB.thatC.whomD.which
11.Thecoat_______heiswearingtodaywasboughtbyhisaunt.
A.whatB.whereC.whoD.that
12.Theplace_______heworksisinthefactory.
A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inwhere
13.That'sthemostbeautifulplace______Ihaveever__________.
A.where;visitedB.that;visitC.where;visitD.that;visited
14.All______theyhavedoneisgoodforus.
A.whatB.whichC.whyD.that
15.Iwanttogotosomeplaces________it'scoolinsummer.
A.thoseB.whichC.whereD.this
16.Saturdayistheday_______peoplecanhavearest.
A.thatB.atwhichC.onwhichD.onthat
17.Thefenceinourgarden,_______myfatherbuiltmanyyearsago,haslastedforalongtime.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where
18.I'llrememberthetime______wespenttogetherinthecountry.
A.thatB.whenC.duringwhichD.atwhich
19.Idon’tbelievethereason_______hehasgivenforhisbeinglate.A.whyB.thatC.howD.what
20.Therearetwocapsonthetable,_______belongstoTom.
A.thesmallerofwhichB.thesmallofwhichC.thesmallerofthemD.thesmallone
21.Mybrotherhadbecomeadoctor,______waswhathewantedtobe.
A.whoB.whatC.thatD.which
22.Isthereapostofficearound______Icangetsomestamps
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that
23.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemanandbooks_______interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.when
24.Hewantedtoknowthetime________heneededtoknow.
A.thatB.whenC.whereD.what
25.Lucy'spetcatdied,_______madeherverysad.
A.asB.whichC.thatD.whose
26.Thisisoneofthebestfilms________thisyear.
A.havebeenshowB.thathaveshown
C.thathavebeenshownD.whichhasbeenshown
27.I'llneverforgettheday________Ijoinedthearmy.
A.whereB.whenC.whyD.that
28.Thatisthereason________hedidn'tcometoyourbirthday.
A.whyB.thatC.whichD.when
29.Hisbookisnottheonlything_______hasbeenstolen.
A.thatB./C.whichD.who
30.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof_______youarenotsure.
A.whichB.whatC.asD.those
31.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday
A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone
32.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone
33.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.
A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether
34.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which
35.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.A.whichB.itC.thatD.what
36.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_______wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.
A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that
37.Thegirl________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging
38.Anyone________thisopinionmayspeakout.
A.thatagainstB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst
39.----“Howdoyoulikethebook”
----“It’squitedifferentfrom_______Ireadlastmonth.”
A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat
40.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer_______thepapersarekept.
A.whereB.inwhichC.underwhichD.which
41.It’sthethirdtime_______latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrived
C.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived
42.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,_______livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where
43.ItistheSuezCanal_______separatesAsia______Africa.
A.which,toB.where,fromC.that,fromD.that,with
44.Isthatthereason_______youareinfavouroftheproposal
A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat
45.Heisamanofgreatexperience,_______muchcanbelearned.
A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom
46.Idon’tlike_______youspeakto.thewayB.thewayinthat
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
47.Thetwothings_______theyfeltveryproudareJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.
A.aboutwhichB.ofwhich
C.inwhichD.forwhich
48.Thereisonlyonething_______Icando.
A.whatB.thatC.allD.which
49.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch_______washeldlastweek.
A.whichB.whoC.thatD./
50.Thematter_____youwerearguingaboutlastnighthasbeensettled.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.forwhich
51.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_____theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom
52.Who_____hascommonsense(常识)willdosuchathing
A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that
53.Alltheapples_____felldownwereeatenbythepigs.
A.thatB.thoseC.whichD.what
54.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_____hesawatthefront.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where
55.It’sthethirdtime_____latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrivedyou’vearrived
56.Heoftenhelpsthestudents_____hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.because
57livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where
58.Heisnot_____afool_____.
A.such/asheislookedB.such/ashelooks
C.as/asheislookedD.so/ashelooks
59.Isthatthereason_____youareinfavoroftheproposal
A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat
60._____,thecompasswasfirstmadeinChina.
A.ItisknowtoallB.ItisknownthatC.WeallknowD.Asisknowntoall
61.I,_____yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatis
62.Heisamanofgreatexperience,_____muchcanbelearned.
A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom
63.Iwillhiretheman_____theysayisagoodEnglishspeaker.
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom
Ⅱ、用适当的关系代词that,which等填空。
1.Istillrememberthenight_______Ifirstcametothehouse.
2.I'llneverforgettheday________wemeteachotherlastweek.
3.MrBlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,_______isthebestseasonthere.
4.Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentwithyourfamily.
5.I'llneverforgetthelastday______wespenttogether.
6.Thisistheschool______Iusedtostudy.
7.Doyoustillremembertheplace______wevisitedlastweek
8.Doyoustillremembertheplace_______wevisitedthepaintingexhibition
9.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,_____isfamousfortheWestLake
10.HaveyoueverbeetoHangzhou______liestheWestLake
11.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.
12.IliveinBeijing,____isthecapitalofChina.
13.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewest.
14.Itisthethirdtime______yo
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