C++面向对象程序设计第六版第一章编程题答案.docx
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C++面向对象程序设计第六版第一章编程题答案.docx
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C++面向对象程序设计第六版第一章编程题答案
INSTRUCTOR’SRESOURCEGUIDE
SOLUTIONSTOPROGRAMMINGPROJECTS
TOACCOMPANY
PROBLEM
SOLVING
WITH
C++
THEOBJECT
OFPROGRAMMING
SixthEdition
WalterSavitch
UNIVERSITYOFCALIFORNIA,SANDIEGO
Thisinstructor’smanualisbasedonthefourthedition.
http:
//www.aw-
andpleasevisitourgeneralcomputerscienceandengineeringwebsiteat:
http:
//www.aw-
Copyright©2007byAddison-WesleyPublishingCompany
Allrightreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photo-copying,recording,oranyothermediaembodimentsnowknownorhereaftertobecomeknown,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.
Manyofthedesignationsusedbymanufacturersandsellerstodistinguishtheirproductsareclaimedastrademarks.Wherethesedesignationsappearinthisbook,andthepublisherwasawareofatrademarkclaim,thedesignationshavebeenprintedininitialcapsorallcaps.
Theprogramsandtheapplicationspresentedinthisbookhavebeenincludedfortheirinstructionalvalue.Theyhavebeentestedwithcarebutarenotguaranteedforanyparticularpurpose.Thepublisherdoesnotofferanywarrantiesorrepresentations,nordoesitacceptanyliabilitieswithrespecttotheprogramsorapplications.
Addison-WesleyPublishingCompany
2725SandHillRoad
MenloPark,CA94025
Contents
Preface
Chapter1IntroductiontoComputersandC++Programming
Chapter2C++Basics
Chapter3MoreFlowofControl
Chapter4ProceduralAbstractionandFunctionsthatReturnaValue
Chapter5FunctionsforallSubtasks
Chapter6I/OStreamsasanIntroductiontoObjectsandClasses
Chapter7Arrays
Chapter8StringsandVectors
Chapter9PointersandDynamicArrays
Chapter10DefiningClasses
Chapter11FriendsandOverloadedOperators
Chapter12SeparateCompilationandNamespaces
Chapter13PointersandLinkedLists
Chapter14Recursion
Chapter15Inheritance
Chapter16ExceptionHandling
Chapter17Templates
Chapter18StandardTemplateLibrary
Preface
Thisisadocumentthatismeanttobeasupplementthetextfortheinstructor.Thereisadiscussionoftheideasineachchapter,teachingsuggestions,andsomesupplementaryideas.Therearesolutionstomanyoftheprogrammingproblems.Someproblemshaveseveraldifferentsolutionsthatcorrespondtodifferentpathsthroughthebook.Thereare25to50testquestionswithanswersanddiscussionforeachchapter.Thequestionsareofbothshortanswer(multiplechoice,truefalse,fillintheblank)typeaswellasread-the-codequestionsandshortprogrammingproblems.Iurgethatexplanationstotheshortanswerquestionsberequiredofthestudent.
Withregardtothecontentofthismanual,itshouldbenotedthatC++leavesmanyoptionsonhowtodoanyproblem,andanybookwillnecessarilychooseasubsettopresent.Ourauthorhasmadesuchasetofchoices.IhavealsomadewhatIhopeisacomplementarysetofchoicesforthisInstructor'sresourceManual.Iamstrivingtoproduceacomplementarydocumenttothetext,adocumentfortheinstructor,butInecessarilywilldosomethingsdifferently.PleasedonotholdthestudentresponsibleforwhatIhaveputhere.Thereaderofthisdocumentmustnotethatitisnecessarytoreadthetext,asthatiswhatthestudenthastoworkwith.Inspiteofoureffortsatconsistencyofcontentandstyle,therewillbesomevariancebetweensomeofthepresentationhereandthepresentationinthetext.
Thecodehasbeencompiledandtestedwithg++(gcc3.4.4),VisualStudioC++.NET2003,VisualStudioC++.NET2005,VisualStudioC++Express.NET,andVisualStudioC++6.0updatedtoservicepack6.UsersofMicrosoftVisualStudioC++6.0mayexperiencethemostincompatibilitiesandshouldensurethatservicepack6isdownloadedandinstalledfromtheMicrosoftwebsite.ThetextusesonlymainstreamfeaturesofC++,consequently,mostcompilerswillcompilethecodeandproduceoutputthatdoesnotdiffersignificantlyfromtheresultspresentedhere.Wehaveattemptedtosupplywarningswhereanyofthesecompilersgivestrouble.
Instructor'sResourceManual
for
Savitch,ProblemSolvingwithC++:
TheObjectofProgramming.
Chapter1
IntroductiontoComputersandC++Programming
ThisdocumentisintendedtobearesourceguideforinstructorsusingSavitch,ProblemSolvingwithC++:
TheObjectofProgramming.Thisguidefollowsthetextchapterbychapter.Eachchapterofthisguidecontainsthefollowingsections:
1.Outlineoftopicsinthechapter
2.Generalremarksonthechapter
3.Solutionsto,andremarkson,selectedProgrammingProjects
4.TestQuestions
5.AnswerstothetestQuestion
SolutionsandremarksonselectedProgrammingProjects
Theseprogrammingexercisesareintendedtohelpfamiliarizethestudentwiththeprogrammingenvironment.Solutionsareverysystemdependent.Consequently,onlyonesolutionisprovidedfortheprogrammingprojectsinthischapter.
//Ch1Proj8.cpp
//
//Thisprogramcalculatesthemonetaryvalueofanumberof
//quarters,dimes,andnickels.
//***********************************************************************
#include
usingnamespacestd;
//====================
//mainfunction
//====================
intmain()
{
intquarters,dimes,nickels,total;
//Inputcoins
cout<<"Enternumberofquarters."< cin>>quarters; cout<<"Enternumberofdimes."< cin>>dimes; cout<<"Enternumberofnickels."< cin>>nickels; //Calculateandoutputtotal total=(quarters*25)+(dimes*10)+(nickels*5); cout<<"Themonetaryvalueofyourcoinsis"< return0; } OutlineofTopicsintheChapter1 1.1ComputerSystems 1.2ProgrammingandProblem-Solving 1.3IntroductiontoC++ 1.4TestingandDebugging Suggestedcourseoutlines: ThereseemtobethreemajorapproachestoteachingC++asthefirstcourseinprogramming.Intheoneapproach,classesandobjectsaredoneveryearly,frequentlywithalibraryofsomesortthatmustbeusedwiththetext.Inanother,alloftheANSICsubsetofC++iscoveredpriortoevenmentioningclassesorobjects.Thistexttakesathirdroadthatismoremiddleoftheroad.Here,enoughofthecontrolconstructsandfunctionsarecoveredpriortodoingclassesandobjects.However,reorderingsofthechaptersarepossiblethatallowanyoftheseapproaches. Hereisa"classesearly"coursethatfollowsthetextclosely.Thisoutlineassumesnobackgroundincomputing.TopicsbeyondChapter11maybestudiedastimepermits. Daydaysallotted 11Startupbusiness 2-32Chapter1: IntroductiontoComputers 4-85Chapter2: C++Basics.Ifthestudentshaveprogrammingexperience,thetimespentcanbesignificantlyreduced. 9-113Chapter3: ProceduralAbstractionandfunctionsthatreturnavalue 12-143Chapter4: Functionsforallsubtasks Test1 16-183Chapter5: I/OStreamsasintroductiontoObjectsandClasses 19-224Chapter6: DefiningClasses 23-275Chapter7: MoreFlowofControl Test2 29-324Chapter8: FriendsandOverloadedOperators Chapter9SeparateCompilationandNamespaces 33-375Chapter10: Arrays 38-413Chapter11: StringsandVectors Test3 5Chapter12Pointers,DynamicArrays 3Chapter13Recursion 3Chapter14: Templates 3Chapter15: PointersandLinkedLists 3Chapter16: Inheritance 3Chapter17: ExceptionHandling Reorderings: TheauthorsuggestsareorderingintheprefacethatallowalmostallofANSIC(withthetighterC++type-checking)tobecoveredbeforeclasses.Severalvariantsonthisreorderingthatallowclassesabitearlierarepresentedinthetext.Theauthordescribesinterdependencyofthechaptersintheprefaceofthetext.Otherreorderingsarecertainlypossible. Chapter1: Thestudentshoulddoalltheprogrammingassignmentsinthischapter.Theseteachthelocallyavailableprogramdevelopmentsystemandfamiliarizethestudentwithsomeofthemorecommoncompilererrors.Errormessagesarequitespecifictothecompilerbeingused.Itisveryimportantthatthestudentlearntheseideasasearlyaspossible. Outlineoftopicsinthechapter: 1.1ComputerSystems 1.2ProgrammingandProblem-Solving 1.3IntroductiontoC++ 1.4TestingandDebugging Generalremarksonthechapter Thischapterservesasanintroductiontocomputersandthelanguageofcomputersforthosestudentswhohavenocomputerexperience.Theterminologyisveryimportant.Manystudentsonlywanttolearnhowtheprogramminglanguageworks,andseemtobeunhappywhentheyfindthattheyarerequiredtolearntheterminologyassociatedwiththelanguage.Thestudentswholearntheterminologyhavelesstroublebyfarwiththiscourse. Studentsshouldbegivenanindicationoftheamountofworkthatmustbedonebeforecodingbegins.Thereareinstanceswhereseveralman-yearsofworkhavegoneintosoftwarebeforeasinglelineofcodewaswritten. Emphasizetheimportanceoftheproblem-solvingphaseofprogramdesign.Thiswillsavethestudentworkinthelongrun.Itisfurtherimportanttoemphasizethattheproblemdefinitionandalgorithmdesignphasesmayneedcorrectingoncetheactualcodingandtestingisinprocess.Thisistrueevenifthealgorithmwascarefullydesktoptested.Emphasizethattheprogramdesignprocessisan'iterative'process.Youmakeastart,test,correctandrepeatuntilyouhaveasolution. Itisafactthatthesoonerthecodingisstarted(onmostproblems),thelongertheproblemwilltaketofinish.Mystudentsinsi
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