新世纪研究生公共英语A短语总结.docx
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新世纪研究生公共英语A短语总结.docx
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新世纪研究生公共英语A短语总结
Laylaidlaidlaying放;搁;下蛋
Lieliedliedlying撒谎
Lielaylainlying躺;位于
Ascorchingsun,anendlessseaofsandandawaterless,forbiddinglylonelyland——thatistheimagemostpeoplehaveofdeserts.Buthowtrueisthispicture?
Itmayfallonceortwiceayearinafiercetorrentthatfadesalmostassoonasithasbegun(来去匆匆),orwhichevaporatesinthehotairlongbefore(还未到达)ithasgotanywhereneartheearth.Itmayfallinasuddensweepingfloodthatcarrieseverythinginitspath(冲刷).
Onefeatureofthetruedesertlandscapeistheabsenceofvegetation
Torrentialrain
Sweepaway
Throughouthistorysthhas/havebeen…
Cavepainting
Happenonacolossal巨大的;庞大的scale以惊人的规模扩大着
twicethesizeof…
atahighorveryhighriskofbecomingdesert
undermoderaterisk
underthreat
therateofgrowthofdesertsisalarming
themostimportantstock-rearingandwheat-growingareas
attherateof?
ayear
Atthisratethereisahighriskthatwewillbeconfinedtolivingononly50%ofthisplanet’slandsurfacewithinonemorecenturyunlessweareabletodosomethingaboutit.
Trampthroughafield拖着沉重的步伐
Closerinspectionrevealed……
Underground/subterraneanbuilding
Insearchoftranquility寻求宁静之所
Fallfoulof违背;触犯fallfoulofstrictbuildingregulations
Returntomoreconventionallifestyles
Queueuptodosth
Growingnumbersof…
Citizenscanescapethecoldinanundergroundcomplexcompletewithshopsandevenhealthclinics.
Amassiveundergroundcity
Inthenextdecade
Takeup/occupytime/land
Insulation绝缘隔音
Anundergrounddweller
Chronicshortageofland
Thelivingaccommodation
Energy-efficienthomes
Boastof
Hitontheideaof突然想起,偶然发现
Takeshape成形;形成
Underway(计划等)进行中
Unit4
Beonlyrarelyrelatedtoexcessivephysicalexertion
Labor-savingdevicesandconvenienttransportation
Complainof/about
Doheavylabor
Today,physiciansreport,tiredness/fatigueismorelikelyaconsequenceofunder-exertion运动不够thanofwearingyourselfdown使精疲力竭withover-activity.Infact,increasedphysicalactivityisprescribedasacureforsaggingenergy.
Physicalfatigueisthewell-knownresultofoverworkingyourmuscletothepointwheremetabolicwasteproducts——carbondioxideandlacticacid——accumulateinyourbloodandsapyourstrength.
Getridofaccumulatedwastesandrestoremusclefuel
Pathologicalfatigueisawarningsignorconsequenceofsomeunderlyingphysicaldisorder.
Feeldraggedout:
feelexhaustedallover
Pushingyourselftoresumefullactivitytoosooncouldprecipitatearelapse促使旧病复发andalmostcertainlywillprolongyourperiodoffatigue
Feeldrainedofenergyforweeksonend连续几个星期
Haveathoroughphysicalcheckup
Emotionalproblemsandconflicts,especiallydepressionandanxiety,arebyfarthemostcommoncausesofprolongedfatigue.
Adefensemechanism防卫机制
Safetyvalve安全阀;安全活门
Repressedemotionalconflicts
Feeltrapped
Thereisagreatdealyoucandoonyourowntodealwithsevereprolongedfatigueandthoseperiodic周期性的washed-outfeelings精疲力竭
Counterproductive产生相反效果的
Caffeineisatbestatemporarysolution至多thatcanbackfirewithabuse适得其反andcauselife-disruptingsymptomsofanxiety
Askimpybreakfast→experiencemid-morningfatigue/aproperbreakfast→forpeakenergy
Provideasteadysupplyofbloodsugarthroughoutthemorning
Coffeeanddoughnutarealmostworsethannothing最糟糕,providingabriefboostandthenlettingyoudownwithathud砰然落下
Exerciseenhances,ratherthansaps,energy.
Resistfatigue抵抗疲劳
Regularconditioningexercise有规律地调节运动
Exercisealsohasawell-recognizedtranquilizingeffect
Relieveaccumulatedtensions
Generallysleeprequirementsdeclinewithage.
Insomniaandothersleepdisorders
Betreatedwithpills
Trytoscheduleyourmosttaxing/demanding/tiringjobsforthetimeofdaywhenyou’reatyourpeak
Don’toverextendyourself承担过多义务,tryingtoclimbtheladderofsuccessatarecordpaceortomeeteveryone’sdemandsorexpectations.
Premenstrually月经前
Takebreaks
Evenrunningupanddownthestaircasecanproviderefreshmentfromasedentaryjob
Inperspective观察合理地
Takesthinstride从容、轻松解决某事
Withathud砰然打击或落下
Onend连续地
AsfarasIknow
Oweagreatdealtosb
At100kmanhour
Makefunofsb
Developovertheyears
Tiredanddispirited
Turnautomaticallytodrugs
Counteractourfatigue
Overlook/neglectv.oversightn.
Exceedinglydifficult
Ourconsumptionoffoodanddrink
Thetensionandphysicalinactivityofmodernlife
Ifyouleadaconstantlysedentarywayoflifeyourlungwillgrowlazythroughlackofuseandtheircapacitywillfall.Prolongedmentaltensioncanhaveasimilareffect.
Sufferfromunrequitedlove无回报的爱
arebut只不过是
itfollowsthat/webelievethatifwewanttohideourtruefeelings,asweoftendoinourtight-lippedsociety,wemustfirstkeepclosecontrolofourbreathing.
Beresponsiblefor是造成……的原因
Inparticular
Makeapointof(makesure)
Fiveconsecutivestrides连续五步
Tendtodo
Fallintothehabitofchronicoverbreathing长期换气过度
Produceavarietyofsymtoms
HyperventilationSyndrome换气过度;强力呼吸综合病症
Notablymuscleweakness,readyfatigue,increasedirritability,disruptedsleep,faintness,poor/impairedmemory,tension,painsandshortnessofbreath,inabilitytoconcentrate
Creepupto上升到;增至
Justifiable合理的
Yourlifeisfraughtwithproblems充满
Revitalization复苏
Ventilation换气;空气流通
Easeyourtensionsandgiveyouasurgeofaddedenergy
Antidepressant抗抑郁剂
Expiration呼气
Pant喘气
Unit5
Sparetherod,spoilthechild
Itisgenerallyacceptedthattheexperiencesofthechildinhisfirstyearslargelydeterminehischaracterandlaterpersonality.
Theeffectsarecumulative
Upbringing(withinthehome)
Education(inschool)
Ina(competitive)societysuchasours,bothparentsandteachersareresponsiblefortheopportunitiesprovidedforthedevelopmentofthechild,sothatupbringingandeducationareinterdependent.
Theidealsandpracticesofchildrearingvaryfromculturetoculture.
Ingeneral,themoreruralthecommunity,themoreuniformarethecustomsofchildhoodupbringing.
Childhoodandadolescence
Earlyupbringingisaffectedby:
Theculturalpatternofthecommunity
Theparents’capabilityandtheiraims
Upbringingandeducation
Theinnateabilitiesofthechild
Widedifferencesofinnateintelligenceandtemperamentexisteveninchildrenofthesamefamily.
Ascertain/makesure/makeapointof
Refertosomebooks
Speechdefects
Backwardnessinlearningtowalk
Controlofbodilyfunctions
Theyoungerthechild,themorereadilythemothergivesintohisdemandstoavoiddisappointinghim.
Wakeatregularintervals有规律atten-minute-intervals每隔十分钟
Accustomshimselftoconformingtoitsdemands
Thechild’sacquisitionofeachskill掌握技能
Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofanxietyinthechild.
Ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalzestforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.
Learningtogetherisafruitfulsourceofrelationshipbetweenchildrenandparents
Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnessorindulgencetowardstheirchildren.
Bestrictinsth(moneymatters)besevereovertimeofcominghomeatnight
Bestrictwithsb
Punctualityformeals
Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevalueofthecommunityasmuchasthechild’shappinessandwell-being.
Asregards/concerning/withregardsto+短语
Leaveout忽略,遗漏
Asregardthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenext朝令夕改isnotthefoundationformorality.Alsoparentsshouldrealizethat“exampleisbetterthanpercept”.身教重于言教Iftheyarehypercriticalanddonotpracticewhattheypreach,theirchildrenmaygrowconfusedandemotionallyinsecurewhentheyhavebeentosomeextentdeceived.Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents’ethicsandtheirmorals品行和他们奉行的道德canbeadangerousdisillusion.幻灭
Becompelledtodo/beforcedtodo
Beunderthethumbofauthority(becompletelycontrolled)
Theadultworld
Soonerorlater
Cometothepointofsaying^^
Outsideinfluences
Cometothedecision
Ondoingsth即将做某事
Inaccordwith
Inexorable(unchangeable)
Cometotermswithlife适应生活
Longtodohungertoentertheworkingworld
Gettogripswith与……争论,冲突;认真对待,应付
Superiorto
Beinabadmood
Parentingstyles为人父母之道:
theparentasmartyr,pal,policeofficer,teacher-counselor,athleticcoach
Consideringthelackofconsensusabouthowtoraisechildrentoday,itmayseemverydifficulttosingleoutstylesofparenting.Fromonepointofviewtherearemanyparentingstylesasthereareparents.Yetcertainelementsinrelatingtochildrencanbebroadlyclassified.
Waitontheirchildrenorpickupafterthem随时待命,跟在后面收拾烂摊子
Nagsb
Carryoutthegoalsyouset
Feelguilty
Closenessbetweenparentandchild
Adolescent
Adoptalaissez-fairepolicy放任自由
Avoidtheconflictscausedbygenerationgap
Juveniledelinquency少年犯罪,heavydruguse,runawaybehaviourrunawayteenagers
Obeyalltherulesatalltime
Punishtheirchildrenforminoroffences
Autocraticdiscipline独断的惩戒
Beassociatedwith
Adolescentpeers
Theautocraticpolicingjustisn’tveryeffectiveinmoldingchildren’svalues
Expertpowercoerciveorlegitimatepower
Thelimitstothisrichpotential
Athletic-coachparentingincorporates综合aspectsofthedevelopmentpointofview
Beconfidenttodo
Establishteamrulesorhouserules
Theyenforcetheappropriatepenaltieswhenrulesarebroken,butpolicingisnotthepr
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